森林环境下的北斗卫星导航系统性能分析  

Performance of Beidou navigation satellite system in forested conditions

作　　者：武红敢[1,2] 罗鹏 杨云凤[3] 谢继会 张恒 WU Honggan;LUO Peng;YANG Yunfeng;XIE Jihui;ZHANG Heng(The Research Institute of Forest Resources Information Technique,CAF,Beijing 100091,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System,NFGA,Beijing 100091,China;Beijing Hezhongsizhuang Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091 [2]国家林业和草原局林业遥感与信息技术重点实验室,北京100091 [3]北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《测绘科学》2021年第5期1-7,共7页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2017ZC001)。

摘　　要：为了解乔木林应用场景中的定位性能,指导林业行业科学应用GNSS技术,该文探究了多种立地条件下中高郁闭度林分中BDS与GPS的应用能力,采集了森林环境中单BDS和单GPS这两种定位模式下一定时长的GNSS信号,并定量计算了平面和垂直方向的定位误差,以及GNSS几何精度因子和信噪比等参数。通过3个时长水平定位精度、垂直定位精度、卫星数量、DOP值、信噪比等观测参数的误差平均值、极值、方差等的对比分析表明,目前基于单频伪距定位的原理,我国北斗卫星导航系统的定位性能指标与GPS基本一致。选用专业设备且单点求平均是满足林下高可靠性(优于5 m)定位要求的重要手段与方法,瞬时数据只适合森林环境中低可靠性(10 m)的导航作业要求,如果要满足亚米级及更高精度的定位需求,现阶段需采用差分技术。In order to understand the performance of GNSS in forested conditions and guide the scientific application of the technology in forestry field,this paper explored the difference of positioning accuracy of BDS and GPS in middle and high canopy density stands under various site conditions.The GNSS signals of the handheld terminal in closed canopy stand under various site conditions were collected.The positioning errors in horizontal and vertical directions and other parameters were analyzed quantitatively.The differences of Geometric Dilution of Precision,signal-to-noise ratio and errors in three periods were compared.At present,the performance of BDS was close to GPS.It was considered that the selection of professional receiver and single point average were an important means and methods to meet the conventional needs of positioning better than5 min the forestry.Instantaneous data was only suitable for low reliability(10 m)navigation in forest environment.Only using differential technology could meet the requirements of sub-meter high precision operation.

关 键 词：专业终端设备 BDS GPS 水平误差 高度误差 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]