一家砷化镓晶体生产企业GaAs职业暴露评估  

GaAs occupational exposure assessment for a Gallium arsenide crystal manufacturer

作　　者：潘兴富 李海斌[2] 刘晓东 牛东升[1] 闫慧芳[2] PAN Xing-fu;LI Hai-bin;LIU Xiao-dong;NIU Dong-sheng;YAN Hui-fang(Detection Department,The Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry,Beijing 100051,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市化工职业病防治院检测室,北京100093 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2021年第3期189-192,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的评估某砷化镓晶体生产企业砷化镓职业暴露情况,为进一步开展相关研究提供参考数据。方法选取典型砷化镓晶体生产企业为研究对象,采用现场调查、现场检测和生物监测的方法对企业职业人群暴露情况进行评估。结果该企业个人防护用品配备较为合理,且佩戴使用率较高。多晶切洗、晶棒加工、切片、磨边和研磨等工作场所空气中砷化镓检测结果在0.49~4.43μg/m3,明显高于美国政府工业卫生学家会议(ACGIH)推荐的职业接触限值(0.3μg/m3)。暴露组与对照组间血砷、尿砷、血镓、尿镓含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且与工龄没有明显的相关性(P>0.05)。结论参照ACGIH推荐的职业接触限值,该企业工作场所空气中砷化镓含量较高。在砷化镓职业健康危害未明确的情况下,各相关企业应该重视工作场所防护设施设备的维护与管理,加强个人防护用品配备和使用的监管,有效杜绝可能的职业健康危害。同时科研机构应该加大砷化镓健康危害的研究,为进一步制定相关防护措施提供依据。Objective To assess the occupational exposure to gallium arsenide in a gallium arsenide crystal manufacturer and provides basic data for protecting the health of gallium arsenide occupational population. Methods In this study, typical manufacturer of gallium arsenide crystal were selected as the research object, and the occupational population exposure of the manufacturer was evaluated by means of field investigation, field detection and biological monitoring. Results The manufacturer’s personal protective equipment was equipped with more reasonable, and with high utilization rate. The detection results of gallium arsenide in the air of workplaces such as polycrystalline cutting, crystal processing, wafer processing, edge grinding, grinding were 0.49-4.43 μg/m3,which was significantly higher than the ACGIH recommended occupational exposure limit(0.3 μg/m3). There was no significant difference between the exposure group and the control group in the biological monitoring of occupational population, and there was no correlation with the content of gallium arsenide in the workplace air. Conclusions The experimental results show that this method is scientific and efficient, and there was no correlation with the detection results of gallium arsenide in the workplace air.

关 键 词：砷化镓 粉尘 职业暴露评估 

分 类 号：R1344[医药卫生—劳动卫生]