生长素输出载体PIN家族研究进展  

Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins

作　　者：林雨晴 齐艳华 Yuqing Lin;Yanhua Qi(State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,Institute of Plant Biology,College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,School of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Huhehot 010000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院植物生物学研究所,植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室,杭州310058 [2]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,牧草与特色作物生物技术教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《植物学报》2021年第2期151-165,共15页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(No.32060451);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(No.LZ19C020001)。

摘　　要：生长素极性运输调控植物的生长发育。生长素极性运输主要依赖3类转运蛋白:AUX/LAX、PIN和ABCB蛋白家族。生长素在细胞间流动的方向与PIN蛋白在细胞上的极性定位密切相关。PIN蛋白由1个中心亲水环和2个由中心亲水环隔开的疏水区组成。中心亲水环上含多个磷酸化位点,其为一些蛋白激酶的靶点。PIN蛋白受多方面调控,包括转录调控、转录后修饰以及胞内循环与降解,以响应内源和外源信号。目前,利用全基因组测序方法在禾谷类作物水稻(Oryzasativa)、玉米(Zea mays)和高粱(Sorghum bicolor)中分别鉴定出12、15和11个PIN基因,但仅有少数PIN基因的功能被报道。该文从蛋白结构、活性调控和功能验证等方面综述了PIN蛋白在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和禾谷类作物中的研究进展,以期为探究PIN蛋白家族介导的生长素极性运输过程提供新的思路与线索。Auxin polar transport regulates plant growth and development.The polar transport of auxin mainly depends on three transporters:AUX/LAX,PIN and ABCB protein families.The direction of auxin flow between cells is closely related to the polar localization of PIN proteins in cells.The PIN protein contains a central hydrophilic loop(HL)and two separated hydrophobic regions,and the multiple phosphorylation sites on HL are the targets of protein kinases.The PIN proteins are fine-tuned at multiple levels,including transcriptional regulation,post-transcriptional modification,intracellular recycling and vacuolar trafficking for degradation,in response to endogenous and exogenous signals.Using genome-wide analysis,12,15 and 11 PIN like genes have been identified in rice,maize and sorghum,respectively,but the functions of only a few genes have been reported.Here we reviewed the research progress of PIN protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and cereal crops from the aspects of protein structure,activity regulation and functional verification to provide new ideas and clues for exploring the auxin polar transport mediated by PIN protein family.

关 键 词：PIN蛋白 生长素极性运输 拟南芥 禾谷类作物 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]