传统中国教育惩戒规则的历史考察与启示--以官学学规为主要视角  

Historical Research and Reflections on the Rules of Educational Punishment in Ancient China--From the Perspective of Official School Rules

作　　者：田振洪[1] Tian Zhenhong

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学法学院

出　　处：《法学教育研究》2020年第4期397-414,共18页Legal Education Research

基　　金：2018年度福建省社会科学规划项目“晚清民国时期福建法律期刊之研究”(项目编号:FJ2018B005)。

摘　　要：在传统中国教育管理制度中,历代统治者虽然没有制定教育惩戒的专项法规或法典,但在颁布相关的教育法令和学规中,一般包含有惩罚性规则。古代教育惩戒规则自唐代开始系统化,至明清时期逐步走向严密。从传统的教育惩戒规则看,对于学生违规违纪行为,一般按程度轻重分别给予惩戒,如申饬、记过、体罚、退学等。规则内容具有较强的政治色彩、实行惩教结合的惩戒原则与注重对教师权威的保护,是传统教育惩戒规则的重要特点。传统教育惩戒规则关于渐进式惩戒、吸纳学生参与惩戒、维护教师权威地位等内容,对于当前我国建立合理的教育惩戒制度有重要的史鉴价值。In the traditional Chinese education administration system,although the ancient rulers of previous generations did not formulate special regulations or codes on educational punishment,they are generally included in the punitive rules in the promulgation of relevant education laws and regulations.Ancient education disciplinary rules began to be systematic from the Tang Dynasty,and gradually became stricter during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Judging from the traditional education disciplinary rules,students'disciplinary violations are generally punished according to their severity,such as,cautions,demerits,physical punishment,termination the education and so on.The content of the rules has a strong political color and the principle of disciplinary punishment and education and the protection of teachers’authority are the important characteristics of the traditional disciplinary rules of education.The content of the traditional disciplinary rules of education,such as progressive discipline,students’participation in disciplinary punishment and the maintenance of teachers’authority,has important historical value for the establishment of a reasonable educational disciplinary system in China.

关 键 词：古代教育惩戒规则 惩戒方式 惩戒模式 教师权威 

分 类 号：K22[历史地理—历史学] G529[历史地理—中国史]