金矿非氰化浸金研究进展  

Research progress of non-cyanide gold leaching in gold mines

作　　者：彭科波 高利坤[1] 饶兵[1] 龚志辉 沈海榕 高广言 何飞 张明 PENG Ke-bo;GAO Li-kun;RAO Bing;GONG Zhi-hui;SHEN Hai-rong;GAO Guang-yan;HE Fei;ZHANG Ming(Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2021年第7期871-882,共12页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金资助项目(51764023)。

摘　　要：随着易处理金矿石资源枯竭,含砷、含碳、高硫、超细颗粒金矿石已成为金矿开采的重点,这些难处理金矿通过常规氰化浸金等方法浸出效果差,由于氰化物有剧毒,会危害人体健康,并严重污染生态环境.非氰化法浸金因具有环保、浸出速率快、效率高等优点受到了广泛关注.在综述了硫代硫酸盐法、甘氨酸法、卤素法、石硫合剂法、碘化焙烧工艺、硫脲浸出法和非水溶液浸金7种非氰浸金方法的浸金原理及其在难处理金矿方面的最新研究进展的基础上,讨论了非氰浸金方法存在的浸出剂昂贵、浸出液中金回收困难、浸出体系复杂、浸出剂性质不稳定及消耗量大等问题,并对非氰浸金技术的发展方向进行了展望.With the exhaustion of easy-to-treat gold ore resources,gold ores containing arsenic,carbon,high sulfur,and ultrafine particles have become the focus of gold mining.These difficult-to-treat gold ores have poor leaching effects through conventional cyanide leaching methods.The chemicals involved in the production process are highly toxic,which can endanger human health and seriously pollute the ecological environment.Some countries and regions have restricted or prohibited the use of cyanide to extract gold;besides,cyanide treatment contains copper,zinc,nickel,etc.When removing impurities from gold ores,these impurity metals will increase the consumption of cyanide and oxidant in the leaching system.At the same time,a film will be formed on the gold surface that hinders the leaching of gold in cyanide and reduces the leaching rate of gold.Gold-containing substances that are insoluble in the cyanide solution include antimony compounds,aurostibite,black bismuth gold ore,and gold-containing compounds formed during reduction roasting of lead,antimony,and arsenic minerals.Although these compounds are present in small quantities,they may account for a large proportion of the amount of gold lost during processing.Nevertheless,the cyanidation method is currently the main process for processing gold ores.Due to the existence of defects in the cyanidation method and the declining gold ore suitable for cyanide treatment,scholars from all over the world are studying alternatives for gold leaching to realize an efficient and environment-friendly recovery of gold in difficult-to-treat gold mines.This article summarized the methods of non-cyanide leaching of gold:thiosulfate method,glycine method,halide method,lime sulfur mixture method,iodination roasting process,biological oxidation thiourea leaching method,and non-aqueous gold leaching method.The gold leaching principles of seven non-cyanide gold leaching methods and the latest research progress in refractory gold mines were introduced.The development direction of non-cyanide

关 键 词：难处理金矿 非氰化浸金 硫代硫酸盐法 甘氨酸法 卤化物法 生物氧化硫脲浸出法 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]