熵权法在铀矿井下空气环境安全评价中的应用研究  

Application of entropy method in safety evaluation of air environment in uranium mines

作　　者：王淑云 黄芳 谭雄 黄爽 匡雅 廖宇航 WANG Shu-yun;HUANG Fang;TAN Xiong;HUANG Shuang;KUANG Ya;LIAO Yu-hang(School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;China Uranium Industry Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100822,China;College of Civil Engineering,Hunan City University,Yiyang 413002,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]中国铀业有限公司,北京100822 [3]湖南城市学院土木工程学院,湖南益阳413002

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第2期538-545,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家应急管理部2018年安全生产重特大事故防治关键技术科技项目(hunan-0002-2018AQ)。

摘　　要：为科学合理地评价铀矿井下空气环境质量,通过对广东某铀矿及辽宁某铀矿井下空气环境的调查,分析了铀矿井下空气环境的特点及其危害,确定氡、氡子体、铀矿尘、CO、NO2及矿井气候6个指标为影响铀矿井下空气环境质量的主要因素,依此建立铀矿井下空气环境安全评价指标体系。采用模糊综合评价法建立了铀矿井下空气环境安全评价模型,并采用熵权法客观赋权的方式确定各评价指标权重,避免了评价过程中人为主观因素的影响,从而得到比较客观的评价结果。以南方某铀矿井为例,运用建立的评价模型对其井下采场、巷道掘进、天井掘进3个工作面空气环境质量进行安全评价。结果表明,采场工作面空气环境质量为良好,巷道掘进工作面和天井掘进工作面空气环境质量为中等。其评价结论可为企业优化井下工作场所空气环境质量提供参考。This paper intends to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for the air environment under the uranium mine to estimate the quality of the air environment.Based on the investigation of the air environment of underground uranium mines in Guangdong Province and Liaoning Province,the evaluation index system is proposed from 4 categories: radioactive harmful gas, non-radioactive harmful gases, uranium dust,and thermal and humid environment. The index system mainly focuses on harmful substances in the mine air and heathumid environments and includes 6 indexes: radon,radon progeny,uranium dust,CO,NO2,and synthetical temperature. The fuzzy synthetic evaluation method is used to establish the safety evaluation model of the underground air environment in uranium mines and in which the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each evaluation index to avoid the influence of subjective factors in the evaluation process,thereby obtaining a more objective evaluation. The established evaluation model is used to evaluate the air environment quality of three working faces( underground stope,roadway excavation,and patio excavation) in a uranium mine in south China. The semi-trapezoid distribution is used to establish the membership functions of the fuzzy set. The results indicate that the air environment quality of the stope working face is good while that of roadway driving face and patio driving face is medium. The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation in the well,which shows that the evaluation model can be used to evaluate the air environment of underground uranium mines and radioactive associated ore. The evaluation conclusion can provide a reference for enterprises to optimize the air environment quality of underground workplaces.

关 键 词：安全卫生工程技术 铀矿井下 空气环境 熵权法 模糊综合评价法 

分 类 号：X961[环境科学与工程—安全科学]