人工智能技术在地震减灾应用中的研究进展  

Research progress of artificial intelligence technology in the application of earthquake disaster reduction

作　　者：隗永刚[1] 蒋长胜[1] WEI YongGang;JIANG ChangSheng(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第2期516-524,共9页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研专项(DQJB19A0114);中国地震局重大政策理论与实践问题研究课题(CEAZY2020ZL06)联合资助.

摘　　要：近年来人工智能(AI)技术的迅猛发展,引领了包括地震减灾在内的众多科技领域的前沿.为反映和描述当前人工智能技术的引入和促进地震减灾科技发展的全貌,本文系统整理和回顾了近10年来已发表的相关文献,解读了其在地震监测预警、地震预测、风险防治、应急处置与风险管理四个方面取得的主要技术进展,具体包括事件检测、震源参数测定、事件类型识别、智能手机数据应用、地震事件预测、煤矿开采诱发地震预测、地震灾害风险评估、建筑结构安全状态评估、地震灾情快速获取、地震灾害风险感知、地震灾害风险管理等方向.其中机器学习技术尤其是深度学习技术在提升地震减灾科技应用服务的精度和准确性上发挥了重要作用,而自然语言和语义分析技术主要在地震应急处置和风险管理领域发挥作用、显著拓展了新的数据信息资源和服务能力.在可预见的未来,人工智能技术的引入和应用的新的拓展,还将继续引领地震减灾科技前沿.In recent years,the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology has led the frontier of many technological fields including earthquake disaster alleviation.In order to reflect and describe the current introduction of AI technology and its promotion on the development of earthquake disaster mitigation technology,we systematically organized and reviewed relevant literature published in the past 10 years,and interpreted its main technical advances in earthquake monitoring and early warning,earthquake prediction,risk prevention and control,emergency disposal and risk management,specifically including event detection,focus parameter determination,event type identification,smart phone data application,earthquake event prediction,coal mining induced earthquake prediction,earthquake disaster risk assessment,building structure safety status assessment,rapid acquisition of earthquake disaster,earthquake disaster risk perception,earthquake disaster risk management and other directions.Among them,the machine learning technology,especially the deep learning technology,has played an important role in improving the precision and accuracy of the earthquake disaster mitigation technology application service,while the natural language and semantic analysis technology mainly play a role in the field of earthquake emergency disposal and risk management,significantly expanding new data information resources and service capabilities.In the foreseeable future,the new expansion of introduction and application of AI technology will continue to lead the frontier of earthquake disaster mitigation technology.

关 键 词：人工智能 地震减灾 机器学习 深度学习 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]