地应力测量及其对油气运移和断层封堵性影响的发展现状与趋势  

Present situation and the development trend of in-situ stress measurement and its effect on hydrocarbon migration and fault block

作　　者：王生奥 韩复兴[1] 孙章庆[1] 邴琦 王丽丽 许宝寅 WANG ShengAo;HAN FuXing;SUN ZhangQing;BING Qi;WANG LiLi;XU BaoYin(College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology,Jilin University,Changchun 130026,China;Geophysical Exploration and Research Institute of Jilin Oilfield,Songyuan 138000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,长春130026 [2]吉林油田地球物理勘探研究院,松原138000

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第2期675-688,共14页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41504084);吉林油田集团公司项目(JS2018-W-32-JZ-10-20)联合资助.

摘　　要：地应力是地下地质结构发生改变的主要影响因素,是断层活动的主要驱动力.它的大小、方向、作用效果等直接决定了断层是否具有封闭性,能否对其周围的油气进行封堵,从而确定油气开发的有利区带.为了更清楚地认识地应力以及其对油气运移的作用,本文首先对地应力的测量方法进行分类和总结,阐述不同测量方法的工作原理、使用条件以及各自的优缺点;其次通过压实成岩程度、充填胶结作用和泥岩涂抹影响对断层封堵性进行了定性的分析和阐述;从测井资料计算法、地层模型计算法、断面虚拟井法、泥岩涂抹势CSP法与页岩涂抹因子SSF法、SGR法与ESGR法等方法的角度出发对断层封堵性进行了定量分析阐述;然后分析了地应力测量、断层封堵性对油气运移影响的发展现状与趋势;最后结合当今世界发展局势对地应力和油气工程的发展前景进行展望,说明地应力对工程实施,油气开采以及安全生产保障的重要意义.In-situ stress is the main factors affecting underground geological structure change and the main driving force of fault activity.Its size,direction and effects directly determine whether the fault is closed,whether it can be sealed around the oil and gas,so as to determine the favorable zone of oil and gas exploitation.In order to understand the effect of in-situ stress on oil and gas transport action more clearly,this article first sorts and summarizes the methods of geo-stress measurement,expounds the principles and conditions of different measurement methods and their respective advantages and disadvantages;Secondly,the fault sealing is analyzed and expounded qualitatively by the compaction of rock,the filling and cementation of stone and mudstone smear;Next,the fault sealing is analyzed quantitatively by logging data calculation method,stratigraphic model calculation method,section virtual well method,CSP,SSF,SGR and ESGR.Then,the development status and trend of the influence of in-situ stress measurement and fault blocking on oil and gas transport is analyzed;Finally,the development prospect of in-situ stress and oil-gas engineering is prospected based on the current world development situation,and the importance of in-situ stress for engineering implementation,oil and gas exploration and safety production is explained.

关 键 词：地应力 断层封闭 油气运移 SGR 定性评价 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]