阿根廷红虾(Pleoticus muelleri)渔业概况与管理现状  

Overview of fishery and actuality of management for Argentine red shrimp(Pleoticus muelleri)

作　　者：王晓晴 WANG Xiaoqing(Zhejiang New Times International Fisheries Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310009,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江新时代国际渔业有限公司,浙江杭州310009

出　　处：《渔业信息与战略》2021年第2期127-138,共12页Fishery Information & Strategy

摘　　要：近年来,阿根廷红虾渔业迅速成为世界上最重要的海捕虾渔业之一,其发展与管理受到联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)的称赞。根据阿根廷国家渔业当局的文件资料、渔业科研机构的科研调查资料和阿根廷红虾渔业的生产实践,介绍了阿根廷红虾基本生物学特性和栖息环境,并对包括年产量、渔船类型和渔场等在内的阿根廷红虾渔业作了概要的阐述。将阿根廷联邦渔业委员会2018年通过的阿根廷红虾渔业管理规定(Resolución CFP N°7/2018)的决议内容与以往的规定内容进行了对比分析,并通过对2019年管理实践的回顾,着重描述了阿根廷多年形成的在面积18.00×10^(4) km^(2)的鳕鱼幼鱼永久禁渔区内,由载有观察员的渔船分期、分区试捕,并由观察员的观察结果决定阿根廷红虾渔场的开放与关闭的动态管理措施。最后,概要地梳理了当前阿根廷红虾渔业管理的特点、经验与现存的问题。旨在为国内业界更好地了解阿根廷红虾资源,参与利用阿根廷红虾资源提供信息。In recent years,Argentine red shrimp fishery has become one of the most important sea catch shrimp fishery in the world,whose development and management was praised by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO).Based on documents of national fisheries authorities,technical data from the fisheries research institution and practices of red shrimp fishery in Argentina,this article recommends the basic biological characteristics and habitat of Argentine red shrimp,such as distribution range,life cycle,reproduction etc.,and describes roundly the fishery history and present situation of Argentine red shrimp fishery,including annual production,fishing vessel types and fishing grounds.It also analyzes in detail the management measures for Argentine red shrimp fishery stipulated in 2018(Resolución CFP N°7/2018),compares with the former regulations,and through reviewing the practices in 2019,describes emphatically the successful dynamic management measures formed over the years,such as trial fishing in different stages and subareas by fishing vessels,opening and closing of red shrimp fishing grounds within the area of 18.00×10^(4) km^(2) of the permanent closed fishing zone for juvenile Argentine hake,depending on the data from the observer on board of trial fishing vessels.Finally,the management characteristics,experience and the existing problems are discussed.The purpose is to provide the information for understanding Argentine red shrimp fishery and participating in utilizing Argentine red shrimp resources by domestic industry.

关 键 词：阿根廷红虾 Pleoticus muelleri 渔业 管理 

分 类 号：S921[农业科学—渔业资源]