台风“玛莉亚”过程诊断分析  

Diagnostic analysis of typhoon Maria

作　　者：林冰 李碧寒 江善赐 LIN Bing(Fuzhou early warning information releasecenter,Fuzhou,Fujian 350008)

机构地区：[1]福州市预警信息发布中心,福建福州350008 [2]福建福鼎气象局,福建福鼎355200 [3]福建省古田县气象局,福建古田352200

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2021年第1期98-100,共3页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

摘　　要：利用常规地面观测、区域自动站、雷达、卫星云图等资料,简要分析了台风"玛莉亚"暴雨过程的环流场,物理量,为今后在实际预报中对台风预报提供借鉴。结果表明:2018年1号台风"玛莉亚"在生成和发展阶段,副热带高压西伸加强,引导气流较强,预报确定性大,移动以西偏北方向为主,移动速度较快。台风"玛莉亚"生成发展条件好,发展阶段曾达超强台风量级,未登陆台湾,故受大地形衰减程度弱,前期维持较强强度,但由于近海海温较低,强度略减弱,最终以强台风级别登陆连江沿海。从物理量条件上看,由于水汽输送受阻,台风水汽条件较弱,降水主要为台风本体降水,强降水在台风移动路径两侧的螺旋云带上。"玛莉亚"移动速度快,迅速过境,降水维持时间不长,但台风降水效率高。"玛莉亚"环流结构完整,眼区清晰,前期发展旺盛,加之北侧副热带高压稳定维持,高低压之间强烈的气压梯度力得以维持,导致本次台风出现灾害性大风天气。Based on the data of conventional ground observation,regional automatic station,radar and satellite cloud image,the circulation field and physical quantity of rainstorm process of Typhoon"Maria"are briefly analyzed in this paper,so as to provide reference for Typhoon Forecast in the future.The results show that:in the formation and development stage of No.1 typhoon"Maria"in 2018,the subtropical high extends westward,the guiding flow is strong,the forecast certainty is large,the movement is mainly in the direction of West by North,and the moving speed is fast.Typhoon"Maria"has good conditions for its formation and development.In the development stage,it has reached the level of super typhoon and has not landed in Taiwan.Therefore,the attenuation degree of Typhoon"Maria"is weak due to the large terrain,and it maintains a strong intensity in the early stage.Due to the low sea surface temperature,the intensity is slightly weakened,and finally landed in Lianjiang coastal area as a strong typhoon.In terms of physical quantity conditions,the water vapor condition of typhoon is weak due to the blocking of water vapor transportation.The precipitation is mainly the precipitation of typhoon itself,and the heavy precipitation is on the spiral cloud belt on both sides of the typhoon moving path."Maria"moves fast and passes through the country quickly.The precipitation does not last long,but the efficiency of typhoon precipitation is high."Maria"circulation structure is complete,the eye area is clear,the early stage development is vigorous,in addition to the stability of the northern subtropical high,the strong pressure gradient between high and low pressure can be maintained,resulting in disastrous gale weather.

关 键 词：台风 暴雨 大风 散度场 水汽通量 气压梯度 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]