适宜陇东地区机械化收获的高产早熟矮秆耐密植酿造高粱品种引种筛选  

Introduction and Selection of High-yielding,Early-maturing,Short-stalked and Dense-tolerant Sorghum Varieties Suitable for Mechanized Harvesting in Longdong Area

作　　者：石晓瑛 SHI Xiao-ying(Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang,Gansu 744000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省平凉市农业科学院,甘肃平凉744000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第11期28-31,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为筛选适宜陇东地区机械化收获的高产、早熟、矮秆、耐密植酿造高粱品种,在种植密度为15万株/hm^(2)的条件下,对引进的10个酿造高粱品种的物候期、农艺性状及产量进行了大田鉴定。结果表明,吉杂145具有株高适宜、穗柄长、茎秆粗壮、耐倒伏等特点,符合机收酿造高粱品种主要指标要求;同时其成熟早、植株生长整齐、抗病虫性强、穗型紧凑、穗子长、穗粒优势大,产量最高,其产量为9747.74 kg/hm^(2),极显著高于其他参试品种,较对照品种增产30.06%,应作为机械化收获首选酿造高粱品种在陇东地区推广应用;吉杂168有较高的产量水平和机收相关性状,较对照增产19.68%,可作为机械化收获搭配酿造高粱品种在陇东地区种植;吉杂166、吉杂163和吉糯杂5虽然在机械化收获和诸多农艺性状上有较好的表现,但增产水平较低,引进种植价值不大;其余5个品种均较对照明显减产,减幅为0.44%~30.65%,生产上不再考虑。To screen high-yielding,early-maturing,short-stalked and dense-tolerant sorghum varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting in Longdong Area,under the condition of 150000 plants/hm^(2),we carried out field identification on the phenological period,agronomic characters and yield of 10 sorghum varieties.Results showed that Jiza 145 had the characters of suitable plant,long stem petiole,wide stem diameter and lodging resistance,which met the requirements for brew sorghum with mechanized harvesting.At the same time,Jiza 145 had the characters of early mature,uniform plant growth,compact panicle,long ear,great ear advantages.Its yield was the highest(9747.74 kg/hm^(2)),which was extremely higher than other tested varieties,and enhanced by 30.06%compared with the yield of control.Therefore,Jiza 145 should be the first extension choice in Longdong Area.Jiza 168 had relatively high yield and mechanized harvesting characters.Its yield enhanced by 19.68%compared with that of control,which could be planted in Longdong Area as the match varieties.Jiza 166,Jiza 163 and Jinuoza 5 showed relatively good performance in mechanized harvesting and agronomic characters,but their introduced planting values were relatively poor.The yield of other five varieties reduced significantly compared with that of control,decreasing by 0.44%-30.65%,so that they were not considered to be used in production.

关 键 词：陇东地区 机械化收获 高产 酿造高粱 产量 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]