内部锚激发与外部锚提示减少大学生久坐时间的 现场实验  

Field Experiments on Reducing Sedentary Time of College Students by Internal Anchor Arousing and External Anchor Prompting

作　　者：王晓庄[1,2] 石心 胡巧红[4] 张丽存[4] 蒋瑞格[4] 杜学璟[4] 安晓镜 WANG Xiaozhuang;SHI Xin;HU Qiaohong;ZHANG Licun;JIANG Ruige;DU Xuejing;AN Xiaojing(Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin 300387,China;Beijing Institute of Education,Bei jing 100120,China;Xingtai College,Xingtai 054001,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学,天津300387 [2]学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387 [3]北京教育学院,北京100120 [4]邢台学院,河北邢台054001

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2021年第5期35-41,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：邢台市教育科学“十三五”规划重点课题(1802001)。

摘　　要：久坐行为与运动不足相关,已成为导致大学生身心健康问题的主要成因之一。运用锚定效应原理开展现场实验,检验利用锚值干预大学生久坐时间的有效性。实验1通过动机性访谈激发大学生自发形成减少久坐时间的主观意愿(百分制自评的高内部锚),考察高内部锚对久坐时间变化率的影响。研究表明,减少久坐时间意愿高内部锚组,其身体活动动机及久坐时间变化率显著高于对照组。实验2基于被试久坐时间基线值,设计个性化的减少久坐时间的量化目标,将量化目标分为高、低两种水平(高、低外部锚值),将带有高、低外部锚值的提示信息以微信形式发送给被试,考察高锚提示对减少久坐时间的影响。研究表明,高外部锚组的提示信息影响度、久坐行为自我觉察程度及久坐时间变化率显著高于低锚组。动机激发形成的减少久坐意愿内部锚、减少久坐时间的个性化外部锚提示均有效减少了大学生久坐时间。Sedentary behavior is associated with physical inactivity,which has become one of the main causes of physical and mental health problems in college students.In this study,field experiments were carried out based on the principle of anchoring effect to test the effectiveness of using anchor value to intervene college students'sedentary time.Experiment 1 stimulated college students to spontaneously form subjective intention to reduce sedentary time(high internal anchor on a percentage scale)through motivational interviewing,and investigated the influence of high internal anchor on the change rate of sedentary time.The results showed that the internal anchor group with high intention of reducing sedentary time had significantly higher motivation of physical activity and the change rate of sedentary time than the control group.In experiment 2,based on the baseline value of the subjects'sedentary time,personalized quantitative goal of reducing sedentary time was designed,which was divided into high and low levels(high and low external anchor value),and the prompt message with high and low anchor value was sent to the subjects in the form of mobile phone WeChat to investigate the influence of high anchor prompting on reducing sedentary time.The results showed that the influence of prompt information,self-awareness of sedentary behavior and the change rate of sedentary time in the high external anchor group were significantly higher than those in the low anchor group.The internal anchor formed by motivation stimulation and the personalized external anchor prompted to reduce the sedentary intention effectively,and reduce the sedentary time of college students.This study explored the application of behavioral economics principles to promote the physical and mental health of college students.

关 键 词：久坐行为 锚定效应 内部锚 外部锚 身体活动 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]