宁夏地区荒漠化特征及铁路沿线物种优选研究  

作　　者：马新民 刘涛 吴永峰 朱文博 赵永虎 苗学云 

机构地区：[1]银西铁路有限公司,宁夏吴忠751100 [2]西安科技大学,陕西西安710054 [3]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730000 [4]中铁科学研究院有限公司,四川成都611731

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2021年第16期17-20,共4页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(编号:2019BFG02013)。

摘　　要：植物防护是风沙防治的重要措施,通过现场调研和理论分析,对宁夏地区荒漠化类型及分布特征进行了总结,结合气候特征,最终得到适宜于宁夏荒漠化地区高速铁路沿线的植物防沙体系物种。结果表明:宁夏地区荒漠化类型以水蚀型和风蚀型为主,约占荒漠化总面积的98%,发育程度以轻度和中度为主,但恶化趋势明显,危害也非常严重。宁夏地区北部引黄灌区以水蚀型荒漠化为主,中部干旱带以风蚀型荒漠化为主,南部山区以盐渍化型荒漠化为主。物种优选主要原则为适应本区的土壤气候条件、耐贫瘠、耐粗放管理、以乡土植物为主,引进外来植物为辅。高速铁路沿线治沙物种应考虑气候特征、土壤养分含量、含水率等因素综合选型。Plant protection is an important measure to prevent sandwind.Through field investigation and theoretical analysis,the types and distribution characteristics of desertification in Ningxia areas were summarized.Combined with the climatic characteristics,the species of plant sand controlling system suitable for the high-speed railway in the Ningxia desertification areas were finally obtained.The results show that the main types of desertification in Ningxia are water erosion and wind erosion,accounting for about 98%of the total desertification area.The degree of development is mainly mild and moderate,but the deterioration trend is obvious and the harm is very serious.Water erosion type desertification is the main type in the northern Yellow River irrigation areas,wind erosion type in the central arid zones and salinization type in the southern mountainous areas.The main principles of species selection are to adapt to the soil and climate conditions of the regions,to tolerate barren soils,to tolerate extensive management,mainly to native plants,supplemented by the introduction of foreign plants.Climate characteristics,soil nutrient content,water content and other factors should be considered in the selection of sand control species along high-speed railway.

关 键 词：荒漠化 高速铁路 物种优选 

分 类 号：U419.91[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]