黄河下游堤防生态护坡试验与效果评价  

Experiment and Effect Evaluation of Eco-Protection Slope on Yellow River Downstream Dike

作　　者：张旭 陈静 黄波 ZHANG Xu;CHEN Jing;HUANG Bo(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;Shuifa Planning&Design Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]水发规划设计有限公司,山东济南250100

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第6期46-49,54,共5页Yellow River

摘　　要：为了探索适合黄河下游堤防的生态护坡新措施,选取4种草(狗牙根、黑麦草、高羊茅、结缕草)和1种灌木(胡枝子),采用草种混播、三维网防护技术进行生态护坡构建,在黄河下游济南段堤防进行了8组护坡草种水土保持效益试验,对植被生物学性状和土壤理化性状进行为期2 a的监测并进行AHP-模糊综合评价,各试验段模糊综合评分:狗牙根、黑麦草混播模式(77.08)>狗牙根、高羊茅混播模式(75.13)>狗牙根+三维网模式(74.19)>狗牙根、胡枝子混播模式(73.85)>单一结缕草模式(72.75)>单一葛巴草模式(71.37)>单一狗牙根模式(71.18)>单一高羊茅模式(48.61)。黄河下游防洪工程生态护坡较优方案为狗牙根+黑麦草混播模式、狗牙根+高羊茅混播模式、狗牙根+三维网模式。In order to explore new ecological slope protection measures that are suitable for the embankments on the lower Yellow River,four types of grass species(cynodon dactylon,lolium perenne,festuca arundinacea shreb and zoysia sinica hance)and one shrub(lespedeza bicolor)were selected,mixed sowing and three-dimensional network protection technology were used to construct the slope eco-protection.Eight groups of slope eco-protection measures were conducted in Jinan section embankments on the lower Yellow River and the biological characteristics of vegetation and soil physical and chemical characteristics were monitored for two years to test their soil and water conservation benefits.The evaluation was performed by the AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results show that the mixed mode of cynodon dactylon and lolium perenne(77.08)>mixed mode of cynodon dactylon and festuca arundinacea shreb(75.13)>cynodon dactylon+three-dimensional net laying mode(74.19)>mixed mode of cynodon dactylon and lespedeza bicolor(73.85)>single lespedeza bicolor mode(72.75)>single zoysia matrella mode(71.37)>single cynodon dactylon mode(71.18)>single festuca arundinacea shreb mode(48.61).The optimal schemes for slope eco-protection in the downstream of the Yellow River are mixed mode of cynodon dactylon and lolium perenne,mixed mode of cynodon dactylon and festuca arundinacea shreb,cynodon dactylon+three-dimensional net laying mode.

关 键 词：堤防 生态护坡 水土保持 层次分析法 模糊综合评价法 黄河下游 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] TV882.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]