金属硫化物矿山酸性开采边坡原位固化及厚层基材喷射技术研究  

Study on in situ solidification and thick base material spraying technology of acid mining slope in metal sulfide mine

作　　者：刘玉华 LIU Yuhua(China Coal Geology Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤地质集团有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《中国矿业》2021年第6期95-99,共5页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：金属硫化物露采矿山是我国主要的金属矿山种类,很多矿山自开采以来残留的酸性边坡均未进行综合治理。裸露的边坡中的硫化物与空气及雨水发生复杂的氧化反应,形成酸水,继而浸出矿体或者围岩中的重金属元素,污染环境,简单的绿化种植无法适用。本文通过对酸性边坡的污染机理进行分析,确定污染迁移的途径,采用隔离封闭原位固化及厚层喷射技术对酸性边坡进行综合治理,调整隔离基材及厚层喷射基材的配方,使得边坡表面形成固化隔离层及绿化植被层,控制边坡硫化物的氧化,从源头控制酸水的产生。通过典型金属硫化物矿山边坡治理工程的应用,治理后的边坡冲刷水样中的重金属元素及pH值远远低于治理前,并达到《地表水环境质量标准》中的Ⅴ类水标准。证明原位固化技术及厚层基材喷射技术能控制酸性边坡金属硫化物的氧化,给同类的矿山边坡综合治理提供一定的参考。Metal sulfide open-pit mines are the main types of metal mines in China.Many acid slopes remained in mines have not been comprehensively treated since mining.Sulfide in the exposed slope reacts with air and rain to form acid water,and then leach heavy metal elements from ore body or surrounding rock to pollute the environment;simple green planting is not suitable.This paper analyzes the pollution mechanism of acid slope,and determines the way of pollution migration.In order to control the oxidation of sulfide in the slope and the generation of acid water from the source,the technology of isolation,sealing,insitu solidification and thick layer spraying was used to comprehensively treat the acid slope.The formula of isolation base material and thick layer spraying base material is adjusted to form a solidified isolation layer and a green vegetation layer on the slope surface.Through the application of typical metal sulfide mine slope treatment project,the heavy metal elements and pH value in the slope erosion water samples after treatment are far lower than those before treatment,and reach the class Ⅴ water standard in the environmental quality standard for surface water.It is proved that the in-situ solidification technology and thick base material spraying technology can control the oxidation of metal sulfide in acid slope,which provides a certain reference for the comprehensive treatment of similar mine slope.

关 键 词：酸性边坡 原位固化 隔离层 厚层基材 金属硫化物矿山 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]