小儿肺炎支原体肺炎高分辨率CT影像学特点分析  

Analysis of high resolution CT imaging features of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

作　　者：葛欣 GE Xin(Department of Radiology,Jiamusi Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Heilongjiang Province,Jiamusi 154002,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省佳木斯市妇幼保健院放射线科,黑龙江佳木斯154002

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2021年第13期122-125,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿肺炎支原体肺炎高分辨率CT影像学特点,为支原体肺炎患儿早期诊断及治疗提供依据。方法选取2018年1月至2019年12月佳木斯市妇幼保健院小儿肺炎支原体肺炎患儿52例,所有患儿均采用高分辨率CT影像诊断,总结病变分布特点、肺实质以及纵膈胸膜情况,分析支原体肺炎影像学特点与临床表现的关系。结果≤3岁组支原体肺炎肺部于右肺、下侧分别为50.0%、45.8%,>3岁组右肺、下侧分别为53.6%、57.1%,在所有部位分布占比最高。影像学特点表现为支气管壁增厚及支气管充气,且≤3岁患儿磨玻璃样改变及散在斑片影分别为25.0%、66.7%,高于>3组患儿的10.7%、35.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。>3岁组树芽征及肺实变分别为35.7%、53.6%,高于≤3岁组的25.0%、37.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分析影像学改变与病程的关系,发现患儿病程早期主要表现为树芽征与磨玻璃改变,发病后5~6 d会出现支气管壁增厚,胸腔积液症状及肺实变多发生在发病后10 d左右。结论高分辨率CT诊断小儿肺炎支原体肺炎,能够帮助明确病变位置,影像学特点表现为树芽征及支气管壁增厚充气,且与患儿病程具有一定的相关性,值得临床推广。Objective To explore the imaging features of high resolution CT of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children,and to provide the basis for early diagnosis and treatment in children with mycoplasmal pneumonia.Methods Fifty-two patients diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled in the study.High resolution CT was applied in all patients to summarize the lesion distribution characters,pulmonary parenchyma,and mediastinal pleura,and to analyze the relationship between imaging features and clinical manifestations of mycoplasma pneumonia.Results In the group of children aged≤3 years old,the proportion of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in right lung and lower lung was 50.0%and 45.8%respectively;in the group of children aged>3 years old,the proportion of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in right lung and lower lung was 53.6%and 57.1%respectively,with the highest proportion of distribution in all parts.The imaging features were bronchial wall thickening and air bronchogram.The ground-glass-like changes and scattered patchy shadows in the group of children aged≤3 years old(25.0%and 66.7%respectively)were higher than those in the group of children aged>3 years old(10.7%and 35.7%respectively),with statically significant differences(P<0.05).The tree bud sign and lung consolidation in the group of children aged>3 years old(35.7%and 53.6%respectively)were higher than those in the group of children aged≤3 years old(25.0%and 37.5%respectively),with statically significant differences(P<0.05).The relationship between imaging changes and disease course was analyzed.It was found that tree bud sign and ground-glass-like changes were the main manifestations in the early stage of the disease.Bronchial wall thickening occurred 5-6 days after the onset of the disease.Pleural effusion and lung consolidation mostly occurred about 10 days after the onset of the disease.Conclusion High resolution CT diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children can help de

关 键 词：支原体肺炎 高分辨率CT 影像学特点 位置分布 磨玻璃样 支气管壁增厚 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]