远程火炮弹丸起始扰动的动力学特性  

Dynamic Property of the Initial Disturbance of Projectile for the Long-range Artillery Howitzer

作　　者：丁树奎 王良明[2] 杨志伟 丁旭冉 DING Shukui;WANG Liangming;YANG Zhiwei;DING Xuran(China North Industries Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China;School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]中国北方工业有限公司,北京100081 [2]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《兵工学报》2021年第4期673-683,共11页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：武装装备预先研究项目(2020年)。

摘　　要：为研究远程火炮射击时弹丸起始扰动的形成机理,基于凯恩动力学方法建立火炮动坐标系下弹丸动力学模型。基于该模型提出火炮运动环境下的弹丸运动描述方法,给出弹与炮相互作用力和力矩的表达式。结合工程实际,对弹丸在发射过程中运动规律进行理论研究。通过仿真验证弹与炮间隙、弹丸质量偏心、膛内火药气体泄漏以及身管弯曲、身管弹性振动和炮架跳动对弹丸起始扰动的影响。结果表明:膛内火药气体泄漏会造成弹丸膛内运动异常,产生恶劣的起始扰动;身管弯曲和身管弹性振动对起始扰动有明显影响,炮架跳动对弹丸膛内运动及起始扰动影响不是很大;研究成果可为改进远程火炮设计和提高射击精度提供重要理论参考依据。A projectile dynamic model under artillery dynamic coordinate system was established to study the formation mechanism of initial disturbance of projectile during long-range artillery firing based on KANE dynamics method.Based on this model,a description method of projectile motion in the artillery movement environment is proposed,and the expressions of the interaction force and moment between the projectile and the gun are given.Combined with the engineering practice,the projectile movement laws during projectile launching are investigated.Then the effects of projectile-barrel gap,projectile mass eccentricity,leakage of gunpowder gas in the bore,bounce of gun mount and elastic vibration of the barrel on the initial disturbance of projectile were verified by simulations.The results show that the leakage of gunpowder gas in the bore may cause the abnormal movement of projectile in the bore,resulting in severe initial disturbance;the bending and elastic vibration of barrel have significant effect on the initial disturbance,and the bounce of gun mount has little effect on the movement and initial disturbance of projectile.The results can provide some important theoretical basis for improving the design of long-range artillery and the shooting accuracy.

关 键 词：火炮振动 发射动力学 弹丸起始扰动 弹与炮相互作用 

分 类 号：TJ012.11[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] TJ012.33