抗弧菌杀鱼假交替单胞菌2515的潜在毒性及热处理脱毒后抗菌效果  

Potential toxicity,antibacterial effect and antagonistic activity against Vibrio of a strain of bacterium Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 2515 exposed to heat treatment detoxification

作　　者：张宇哲 王秀华[1,3] 于党辉 王枫林 孙祥山 黄经献 ZHANG Yuzhe;WANG Xiuhua;YU Danghui;WANG Fenglin;SUN Xiangshan;HUANG Jingxian(Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;Xiaying Proliferation Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Weifang 261312, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛市海水养殖流行病学与生物安保重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]中国水产科学研究院下营增殖站,山东潍坊261312

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第3期399-405,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”项目(2019YFD0900105-4);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022018001);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204044)。

摘　　要：为评估一株具有弧菌拮抗功能的杀鱼假交替单胞菌2515 Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 2515(以下简称“菌株2515”)对海水养殖动物的毒性,并确定一种有效的热处理脱毒方法,在中国明对虾Fenneropenaeus chinensis育苗水体中分别添加浓度为105、106、107、108 CFU/mL的菌株2515,测试其对中国明对虾受精卵孵化及幼体发育的影响。结果表明:水体中添加浓度高于105 CFU/mL的菌株2515后,显著降低了无节幼体变态发育至蚤状幼体的成活率(P<0.05);分别应用血平板及显微观察法测试菌株2515对羊、鱼及对虾血细胞的溶血活性,结果显示,该菌对羊及鱼红细胞均具溶血活性,而对凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei血细胞无溶血活性;设置不同温度(40、45、50、55、60、65、75℃)热处理菌株2515及其破碎液,结果显示,55℃1 h能够灭活该菌,且失去对鱼类红细胞的溶血活性,而抑菌物质活性可提高55.8%。研究表明,菌株2515对鱼虾具有潜在毒性,选择适当热处理,既能灭活溶血活性还可提高抗菌活性。In order to evaluate the toxicity of a strain of bacterium Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 2515(strain 2515)with antagonistic activity against Vibrio spp.to marine animals,and find out an effective heat treatment detoxification method,hemolytic activity on blood cell of sheep,fish and shrimp was tested on blood agar plate and by microscopic observation.Fertilized eggs and larvae of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis were incubated and reared in a 25 cm in diameter×40 cm in height plastic bag containing 2 L water with immersion challenge of strain 2515 at a dose of 105,106,107 and 108 CFU/mL to investigate the effect of bacterial toxicity on fertilized eggs and larval development of Chinese shrimp.Fluid of strain 2515 fermented for 24 h was diluted into 105 CFU/mL and exposed to 40,45,50,55,60 and 65℃for 1 h to test inactivation of the strain 2515.The results showed that the strain 2515 had hemolytic activity on red blood cells of sheep and fish,but no hemolytic activity on blood cells of shrimp.There was significantly low survival rate of larvae metamorphosis from naupliusⅢto ZoeaⅠexposed to strain 2515 at concentration of higher than 105 CFU/mL(P<0.05).Strain 2515 and its broken liquid treated at 55℃for 1 h led to inactivate the bacterium and hemolytic activity on fish red blood cells,and to increase in antibacterial activity by 55.8%.The findings suggest that strain 2515 has potentially toxic to fish and shrimp larvae.However,strain 2515 treated by appropriate temperature not only remove the strain toxicity but also improve its antibacterial activity,which provides technical support for the development and application of this strain.

关 键 词：中国对虾 杀鱼假交替单胞菌 抗菌活性 加热脱毒 

分 类 号：S945.1[农业科学—水产养殖]