新疆克孜勒河厚唇裂腹鱼人工繁殖及胚胎、早期仔鱼发育研究  

Artificial propagation technology,and embryonic and early larval development of Schizothorax irregularis in Kizil River in Xinjiang

作　　者：赵贺 洪继彪 赵年桦 胡仁云 魏杰[1,2,3] 聂竹兰 ZHAO He;HONG Jibiao;ZHAO Nianhua;HU Renyun;WEI Jie;NIE Zhulan(College of Animal Sciences, Tarim University, Aral 843300, China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction, Aral 843300, China;Tarim Rare Fish Research Center, Aral 843300, China;Wuhan Zhongke Ruihua Ecological Technology Company Limited, Wuhan 430000, China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆维吾尔自治区阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆维吾尔自治区阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆维吾尔自治区阿拉尔843300 [4]武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第3期414-422,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560721,31860729);华中农业大学塔里木大学科研合作联合基金项目(TDHNLH201702,2662017PY118);新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划项目(2018CB033);新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室开放课题(HS201712Z)。

摘　　要：为实现厚唇裂腹鱼Schizothorax irregularis的人工养殖和资源增殖,于2019年4—5月进行了新疆克孜勒河厚唇裂腹鱼人工繁殖试验,以探究该鱼的繁殖时期、雌雄鉴别、人工催产和人工孵化等关键技术,试验设催产厚唇裂腹鱼亲鱼35组,采用人工干法授精和孵化缸淋浴式孵化方法,获受精卵20.69万粒,获水花鱼苗14.12万尾。结果表明:厚唇裂腹鱼人工催产最适水温为18.5℃,最适孵化水温为17.0~17.5℃;厚唇裂腹鱼的繁殖期在新疆维吾尔自治区南疆地区主要集中在4月下旬—5月中旬,该鱼产微黏沉性卵,成熟卵的卵径为(2.95±0.15)mm,吸水膨胀后卵径为(3.53±0.12)mm;厚唇裂腹鱼胚胎发育过程经历胚盘、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、器官形成和出膜7个阶段;在水温为(17.14±0.01)℃条件下,受精卵发育经过147 h 31 min孵化,总积温为2513.01℃·h;初孵仔鱼全长(8.72±0.26)mm,具心跳和血液循环,多数时间静卧水底,偶有窜动;早期仔鱼发育分为眼球色素出现期、体色素出现期、鳔充气期和卵黄囊完全吸收期4个时期,出膜后432 h卵黄囊完全吸收,仔鱼全长为(21.51±0.75)mm。本研究结果可为厚唇裂腹鱼的资源保护和人工繁殖提供基础资料和科学依据。In this study,key artificial propagation techniques including spawning season,sex identification,hormone injection and incubation methods were investigated in 1380 individuals of Schizothorax irregulari with body length of(152.31-271.25)mm and body mass of(102.17-265.31)g collected from Kizil River in Xinjiang in December 2017 and from January to December 2018 to accomplish farming and stock enhancement of the animals.A total of 35 pairs of 3 years old male and 4 years old female spawners at a ratio of female to male=1∶2 was induced to spawn from late April to middle May at water temperature from 16.0℃to 19.5℃with an interval of 0.5℃by injection of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue(LHRH-A3)(3 mg/kg+4 mg/kg),dioxone maleate(DOM)(3 mg/kg+3 mg/kg)and human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)(1000 IU/kg).A total of 206900 eggs and 141200 postlarvae were obtained,with the optimum water temperature of 18.5℃for induced spawn and 17.0-17.5℃for incubation in the Southern of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.S.irregularis had the eggs with diameter of(2.95±0.15)mm,and(3.53±0.12)mm after water absorption.The embryonic development was divided into seven stages:blastoderm,cleavage,blastula,gastrula,neuroblast,organogenesis and hatching.The embryos were hatched in 147 h 31 min at water temperature of(17.14±0.01)℃,with total accumulative temperature of 2513.01℃·h.The newly hatched larvae had total length of(8.72±0.26)mm,staying at the bottom of the water and occasionally moved about in most of the period,even with heart beating and blood circulation.The development of the early larvae was clasified into four stages:eye pigmentation increasing period,body pigmentation increasing period,air bladder inflation period,and yolk sac exhausted completely.The larvae had completely exhausted yolk sac in 432 h,and the total length of(21.51±0.75)mm.The findings help to understand the developmental characteristics of embryos and early larvae of S.irregularis,so as to further enrich the early life history data and

关 键 词：厚唇裂腹鱼 克孜勒河 人工繁殖 胚胎发育 早期仔鱼发育 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖]