舟山近海常见鱼类分类多样性研究  

Taxonomic diversity of common fish species in Zhoushan coastal waters

作　　者：王业辉 胡成业 宋娜[1] 王晓艳 高天翔 WANG Yehui;HU Chengye;SONG Na;WANG Xiaoyan;GAO Tianxiang(College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [3]浙江海洋大学国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第3期488-494,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41776171,41806180)。

摘　　要：为揭示舟山近海常见鱼类分类多样性,以及更合理地保护和利用舟山近海渔业资源,根据舟山近海鱼类资源调查与文献数据资料,基于Nelson分类系统对鱼类物种进行了系统整理,利用分类阶元包含指数(TINCLi)、分类多样性指数(Δ^(+)和Λ^(+))、属间-科间多样性指数(G-F指数)和相对丰富度指数(Rr)等,从不同分类阶元分析了舟山近海常见鱼类的分类多样性。结果表明:舟山近海常见鱼类共16目63科118属154种,其中,鲈形目种类占绝对优势;鱼类组成目所拥有的科、属、种平均值分别为3.88、7.38、9.63,科所拥有的属、种平均值分别为1.90、2.48,属所拥有的种平均值为1.31,在目、科级水平的分类阶元包含指数值高于唐山湾与东山湾,但低于大亚湾与东海大陆架;舟山近海常见鱼类的平均分类差异指数(Δ^(+))和分类差异变异指数(Λ^(+))分别为60.0和340.8,Δ^(+)值低于唐山湾、东山湾、大亚湾、东海大陆架4个研究海域,而Λ^(+)值则高于上述研究海域;G-F指数分析显示,G指数为4.67,F指数为23.44,G-F指数为0.80,均高于浙江近海的杭州湾、象山湾、三门湾、台州湾、乐清湾等5个海湾;相对丰富度指数结果显示,目级水平上鲈形目最高(462.5),科级水平上虾虎鱼科最高(26.98)。研究表明,舟山近海常见鱼类种类组成较为集中,亲缘关系较近,分类均匀程度较低,在科、属水平上的多样性较高。In order to reveal the taxonomic diversity of common fishes in Zhoushan coastal waters and to protect and utilize fisheries resources more reasonably,Nelson's classification system was used to evaluate the taxonomic diversity at different taxonomic levels based on the investigation of fish resources and research data in Zhoushan coastal waters,including the inclusion index at taxonomic level(TINCLi),taxonomic diversity(Δ^(+)andΛ^(+)),genus-family diversity index(G-F index)and relative abundances index(Rr).It was found that 154 species involving in 16 orders,63 families and 118 genera,with absolute dominant species in Perciformes.The inclusion index at the taxonomic level showed that the average values of fish constituent in the order were 3.88 families,7.38 genera and 9.63 species,the average values were 1.90 genera and 2.48 species in family,and the average values of genus were 1.31 species.There was higher TINCLi value at the order and family levels than that in Tangshan Bay and Dongshan Bay,but lower than that in Daya Bay and East China Sea continental shelf,with the average of 60.0 and of 340.8,lower taxonomic distinctness indexΔ^(+)than that in the four sea areas above,and higher variation in taxonomic distinctnessΛ^(+)than that in the four sea areas.The G-F index analysis showed that G index was 4.67,F index was 23.44 and G-F index was 0.80,higher than in the other five bays in Zhejiang coastal area.The relative abundance in Perciformes was shown to be the maximum at the order level(462.5),and that in Gobiidae was the maximum at the family level(26.98).The findings indicated that the composition of common fish species in Zhoushan coastal waters was characterized by relatively concentrated,the relatively close genetic relationship,low classification uniformity,and the high diversity at the level of family and genus.

关 键 词：舟山近海 分类阶元包含指数 鱼类分类多样性 G-F指数 相对丰富度指数 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]