循环流化床燃烧低污染排放技术研究展望  

Prospects for the Low Pollutant Emission Control of Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Technology

作　　者：柯希玮 蒋苓 吕俊复[1,2] 岳光溪[1,2] Ke Xiwei;Jiang Ling;Lyu Junfu;Yue Guangxi(Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学能源与动力工程系,北京100084 [2]热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2021年第3期120-128,共9页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“循环流化床燃烧技术的发展前景”(2020-XY-10)。

摘　　要：在污染物排放标准日趋严格、2060年前实现碳中和的背景下,深度挖掘循环流化床(CFB)燃烧技术的低污染排放潜力,进一步提高CFB锅炉的市场竞争力,对于煤炭清洁高效利用、能源转型升级具有重要意义。本文在阐述CFB燃烧污染物排放特性的基础上,分析了主流CFB锅炉低污染排放技术及应用,结合我国能源发展战略和相关政策,提出了CFB燃烧在污染物排放控制技术方面的发展建议。研究认为,需大力开发炉内原始低排放CFB燃烧技术,在保证锅炉效率的前提下,通过流态重构、燃烧组织来突破CFB锅炉污染物排放极限。着眼于煤炭能源长远发展,支持与超临界/超超临界,智能运行,碳捕集、利用与封存,储能等技术高度结合的新一代超低排放CFB燃烧技术研发;加快对现存中小容量CFB锅炉的优化升级;发挥CFB燃烧燃料适应性广的优势,推广生物质燃烧发电,促进对低热值燃料、城市垃圾、各工业废弃物的低成本高效清洁消纳;挖掘CFB锅炉的深度调峰能力并保持低污染排放性能,提高运行灵活性及对新能源的消纳能力;加强CFB燃烧脱硫灰渣的综合利用,关注N2O排放问题。还需从全局角度合理制定污染物排放标准和相关政策,引导包括CFB燃烧在内的能源行业健康发展。With the pollutant emission standards becoming increasingly stringent and considering the pressure of carbon neutral by 2060,the low pollutant emission potential of circulating fluidized bed(CFB)combustion technology needs to be further exploited,thus to promote the market competitiveness of CFB boilers;this is critical for the clean and efficient utilization of coal as well as for the energy transformation in China.In this article,we summarize the pollutant emission characteristics of CFB combustion,and review the development of major technologies for CFB boiler emission control.Based on the energy development strategies and corresponding policies in China,development suggestions are proposed for reducing pollutant emission of the CFB combustion technology.The most significant approach is to push the limits of original pollutant emission for CFB combustion by re-specifying the fluidization state and through in-furnace combustion adjustment,while the boiler thermal efficiency should be ensured.For the long-term development of coal energy,the new-generation CFB combustion technology with ultra-low emission should be researched and developed while combining with technologies such as supercritical/ultra-supercritical,intelligent operation,carbon capture,utilization,and storage,and energy storage technologies.The existing CFB boilers with small or medium capacity should also be upgraded.Considering the fuel flexibility of CFB combustion,biomass power generation should be promoted to realize low-cost and high-efficiency consumption of low-heat value fuels,urban refuse,industrial wastes,etc.The peak load regulation capacity and low pollutant emission property of the CFB boilers should be promoted to improve operation flexibility and renewable energy consumption.Moreover,the desulphurization ash produced in CFB combustion should be comprehensively utilized,and the N2O emission problem is also significant.The pollutant emission standards and related policies need to be formulated from an overall perspective to guide the

关 键 词：煤炭清洁利用 循环流化床 污染控制 碳中和 燃料适应性 新能源消纳 

分 类 号：TK229[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]