运动表象训练改善老年人执行功能和运动功能的系统综述  

Effect of Motor Imagery Training on Motor and Executive Function of Older Adults: A Systematic Review

作　　者：元晓霞 钟晓珂 杨源 蒋长好[3] YUAN Xiao-xia;ZHONG Xiao-ke;YANG Yuan;JIANG Chang-hao(Graduate School,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;The Center of Neuroscience and Sports,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院研究生部,北京市100191 [2]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京市100875 [3]首都体育学院运动脑科学研究中心,北京市100089

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2021年第6期661-667,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(No.5212002,No.5214029);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31771244);北京市社会科学基金重点项目(No.19YTA001);北京舞蹈学院委托项目(No.2020)。

摘　　要：目的分析运动表象训练对老年人运动功能和执行功能的改善效果。方法检索Web of Sciences、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库中正式发表的关于运动表象训练影响老年人运动和执行功能的相关文献,检索时间为1980至2020年。对运动表象训练的实施方案、运用于老年人的康复效果及其影响因素等问题进行综述。结果纳入12篇文献。针对60岁以上老年人的运动表象训练通常与实际运动训练相结合,干预周期大多集中在4~12周,训练频率为每周2~3次、每次15~60 min。运动表象训练能够提升老年人抑制控制问题能力,增强工作记忆,提高认知灵活性。运动表象训练也能够延长老年人站立平衡时间,改善姿势控制,预防跌倒并加强肌肉力量。结论运动表象训练是延缓老年人身体功能衰退、改善其执行功能的有效方法。根据老年人特点规范干预手段、构建合理有效的运动表象训练方案有助于进一步提升运动表象训练效果。Objective To evaluate the effect of motor imagery training on motor and executive function in the older population.Methods Articles about the impact of motor imagery training on the motor and cognitive functions of the elderly in the databases of Web of Sciences,PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang data and VIP were searched from 1980 to 2020.The training program,rehabilitation effect and relatec factors of motor image training in the elderly were analyzed and summarized.Results Twelve articles were included finally.The motor image training that suited the elderly over 60 years old was usually combined with actual exercise training,mostly for four to twelve weeks,two to three times a week and 15 to 60 minutes a time.Motor imagery training was effective on standing balance,postural control,falls and muscle strength,to improve the ability to solve conflict problems,working memory and cognitive flexibility.Conclusion Motor imagery training is an effective way to delay the decline of physical function and improve the executive function of the elderly.It is needed to construct a reasonable and standard motor imagery training program according to the characteristics of the elderly,to improve the effect.

关 键 词：运动表象训练 老年人 运动功能 执行功能 系统综述 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]