G102Cr18Mo不锈轴承钢VIM-VAR冶炼过程夹杂物的演变  

Evolution of inclusions in G102Cr18Mo stainless bearing steel during VIM-VAR refining process

作　　者：徐涛 马红军 吴振忠 舒美良 常立忠 XU Tao;MA Hong-jun;WU Zhen-zhong;SHU Mei-liang;CHANG Li-zhong(Anhui Fukai Special Material Co.,Ltd.,Jixi 245300,Anhui,China;School of Metallurgy Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽富凯特材有限公司,安徽绩溪245300 [2]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《中国冶金》2021年第5期39-46,共8页China Metallurgy

基　　金：工业强基资助项目(TC190A4DA-35)。

摘　　要：通过真空感应冶炼、真空自耗重熔,制备了G102Cr18Mo不锈轴承钢锭,利用Aspex扫描电镜分析了夹杂物数量、尺寸、面积的变化规律,并采用SEM-EDS进一步观察夹杂物的元素分布。研究结果发现,不论是真空感应还是自耗重熔,夹杂物的组成变化不大,主要由硫化锰、铝酸钙、Al-Ca-Mn-(Ti)-O-S复合夹杂物3类夹杂物组成,其中Al-Ca-Mn-(Ti)-O-S夹杂物数量最多、直径(面积)最大。但是,与真空感应锭相比,经过真空自耗重熔以后,夹杂物的总数量降低55%以上,且不存在大于15μm以上的夹杂。与真空自耗锭下部相比,其上部的夹杂物数量进一步降低,且最大夹杂物的直径不大于10μm。大颗粒夹杂物生产的主要原因是凝固过程硫化物以钢液中残留铝酸钙夹杂物为形核核心,在其表面进一步富集、长大。因此,为了降低钢中的大颗粒夹杂,尽可能减少钢液中的铝酸钙类夹杂,以降低夹杂物形核核心的数量;同时尽量降低原料中的硫含量,以避铝酸钙和硫化锰的结合。The ingot of G102 Cr18 Mo stainless bearing steel was prepared by vacuum induction smelting and vacuum consumable remelting. The variations of inclusion number, size and area were analyzed by Aspex scanning electron microscope, and the element distribution of inclusions was further observed by SEM-EDS. The experimental results showed that the composition of inclusions had little change in both vacuum induction ingot and consumable remelting ingot. The inclusions were mainly composed of MnS, xAl2O3·yCaO and Al-Ca-Mn-(Ti)-O-S composite inclusions, among which Al-Ca-Mn-(Ti)-O-S inclusions had the largest number and the largest diameter(area). However, compared with the vacuum induction ingot, after vacuum consumable remelting, the total amount of inclusions decreased by more than 55%, and there were no inclusions larger than 15 μm. Compared with the lower part of the vacuum consumable ingot, the number of inclusions in the upper part of the consumable ingot was further reduced, and the diameter of the largest inclusion was no more than 10 μm. The main reason for the emergence of large particle inclusions was that the sulfide in the solidification process took the residual calcium aluminate inclusions in molten steel as the nucleation core, and further enriched and grew on its surface. Therefore, in order to reduce the large particle inclusions in steel, calcium aluminate inclusions in molten steel should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the number of inclusion nucleation cores. At the same time, the sulfur content in raw materials should be reduced as much as possible to avoid the combination of calcium aluminate and manganese sulfide.

关 键 词：不锈钢 轴承钢 夹杂物 真空感应 真空自耗 

分 类 号：TF762.4[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]