2017~2019年泉州市脊灰病毒监测分析  

Analysis on poliovirus surveillance,Quanzhou city,2017-2019

作　　者：曾珊珊 陈秋婷[1] 陈雅红[1] 彭艳兰[1] ZENG Shan-shan;CHEN Qiu-ting;CHEN Ya-hong;PENG Yan-lan(Quanzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quanzhou,Fujian,362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市疾病预防控制中心,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2021年第4期273-275,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：泉州市科技计划项目(项目编号:2018N094S)。

摘　　要：目的评估2016年5月脊灰疫苗免疫策略转换后,泉州市急性弛缓性麻痹病例(AFP)的监测质量,分析外环境污水中脊髓灰质炎病毒(PV)的流行情况,为脊灰防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性分析方法对2017~2019年泉州市AFP病例个案和外环境监测点采集的污水标本分离结果进行分析。结果 2017~2019年共报告149例AFP病例,平均报告发病率均为3.58/10万,各项监测指标均达到国家方案指标要求。采集148例共296份粪便标本,PV分离率为0.68%(2/296),均为疫苗株,非脊灰肠道病毒(NPEV)分离率为3.38%(10/296)。在13例粪便标本不合格AFP病例的密接者中发现1例Ⅲ型脊灰疫苗衍生病毒(VDPV)携带者,经应急处置后未发生病毒循环。共采集外环境污水标本62份,PV阳性率为27.42%(17/62),均为疫苗株,且以Ⅲ型为优势株,NPEV阳性率为66.13%(41/62)。结论泉州市AFP病例监测质量和敏感度高,发现Ⅲ型VDPV后处置快速科学,成功有效。外环境监测作为脊灰病毒监测的重要补充,能为脊灰流行提供预警。Objective To evaluate the surveillance quality of acute flaccid paralysis(AFP) cases in Quanzhou city after the transformation of polio vaccine immunization strategy in May 2016,analyze the prevalence of poliovirus(PV) in external environmental sewage, so as to provide information for polio prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive analysis method was adopted to understanding the results of poliovirus isolation of sewage samples collected from external environmental monitoring points and the AFP cases in Quanzhou city during 2017-2019. Results A total of 149 AFP cases were reported during 2017-2019,with an average reported incidence of 3.58/105.All monitoring indicators have reached the national program indicator requirements.Totally 296 stool specimens were collected from 148 AFP cases.The PV isolation rate was 0.68%(2/296),which were vaccine strains.The isolation rate of non-polio enterovirus(NPEV) was 3.38%(10/296).A type III vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV) strain was isolated from 13 close contacts of AFP cases with unqualified stool specimens.No viral circulation occurred after emergency treatment.62 external environmental sewage samples were collected.The PV positive rate was 27.42%(17/62),which were vaccine strains, and type III was the dominant strain.The positive rate of NPEV was 66.13%(41/62). Conclusion AFP case surveillance system still keep high quality and sensitivity in Quanzhou city.Once VDPV was found, the treatment was rapid and scientific.As the important supplementary information to AFP case surveillance, environmental surveillance can provide early warning for polio epidemics.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎病毒 AFP病例监测 环境监测 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]