地方政府政策的精准性及其提升——基于“制定机构—政策工具—目标群体”互适框架  

The Accuracy of Local Government Policies and Its Elevation:Based on the Framework of “Policy-making Institutions,Policy Tools and Target Groups”

作　　者：翟磊[1] Zhai Lei

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第3期87-96,共10页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71704086)。

摘　　要：公共政策是政府治理的基本手段,政策的精准性是政策有效执行的前提,如何在评价政策"精准性"的基础上提出改进建议,已成为政策分析的重要议题。基于史密斯政策执行过程模型和政策工具理论,从主体、内容、客体维度出发,可以建立起分析政策精准性的"制定机构—政策工具—目标群体"三维互适框架。通过对T市发布的211份复工复产政策文本的分析,发现当前存在政策制定机构各自为政、政策工具未能覆盖供需闭环以及目标群体难以"对号入座"等问题,应从推进政策制定的机构间协同、改善政策工具的整体结构和强化政策工具的"顾客"导向三个方面进一步提升政策的精准性。As the basic means of governance, public policy needs to be accurate. How to evaluate the accuracy of policy and provide advice for improvement has become a significant issue of policy analysis. Based on Smith’s model of policy implementation processes and the theory of policy tools, a three-dimensional framework of"policy-making institutions, policy tools and target groups"can be established to analyze the accuracy of policies from the perspectives of subject, content and object. Based on the analysis of 211 policy texts issued by city"T"for the resumption of work and production, findings suggest that there are problems such as: policy-making institutions implemented their policies independently;policy tools failed to cover a closed loop of supply and demand;and targeted groups faced difficulties in"the application of the right policies". We should promote the coordination among policy-making institutions, improve the overall structure of policy tools and strengthen the"customer"orientation of policy tools to further elevate the accuracy of policies.

关 键 词：政策精准性 政策工具 政策执行 史密斯模型 复工复产 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]