母猪妊娠期和泌乳期饲料钙、磷消化率变化规律研究  

Study on the variation of calcium and phosphorus digestibility during pregnancy and lactation in sows

作　　者：刘书芹 张鹤亮[2] 张迪 张阁 杨旺 崔家军 LIU Shuqin;ZHANG Heliang;ZHANG Di;ZHANG Ge;YANG Wang;CUI Jiajun(Langfang Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Langfang 065000,China;Hebei North College,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau,Bole 833400,China;Zhangjiakou Hongji Animal Husbandry Development Co.,Ltd.,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Zhangjiakou Dahaoheshan Pig Group,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Qinhuangdao Yier Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊市农业农村局,河北廊坊065000 [2]河北北方学院,河北张家口075000 [3]博尔塔拉蒙古自治州畜牧兽医局,新疆博乐833400 [4]张家口弘基牧业开发有限责任公司,河北张家口075000 [5]张家口大好河山猪业集团,河北张家口075000 [6]秦皇岛益尔生物科技有限公司,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第10期50-52,56,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目“抗生素替代方案及猪无抗饲料研究与推广”(20326619D)。

摘　　要：为了探讨母猪妊娠期和泌乳期饲料钙、磷消化率的变化规律,试验选用年龄、胎次、膘情、体重相近及配种后经妊娠诊断确定怀孕的长大二元母猪24头,分别在妊娠第25,70,100天和分娩后第20天时收集试验猪的粪样和饲料样品,采用酸不溶灰分法测定钙、磷的消化率,比较不同阶段消化率的差异。结果表明:随着妊娠天数的增加,钙消化率呈下降趋势,其中妊娠第25天钙消化率为63.00%,妊娠第100天钙消化率为58.33%,二者相比差异显著(P<0.05);到泌乳期钙消化率继续下降,泌乳第20天钙消化率为54.14%,与妊娠第25,70天相比极显著降低(P<0.01),与妊娠100天相比显著降低(P<0.05)。磷消化率亦呈相同趋势,妊娠第25天磷消化率为50.95%,妊娠第70天磷消化率为47.46%,二者相比差异显著(P<0.05);妊娠第100天时,磷消化率继续降低,极显著低于妊娠第25天(P<0.01)和显著低于妊娠第70天(P<0.05);泌乳期磷的消化率呈持续下降趋势,与妊娠第100天相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但极显著低于妊娠第25天(P<0.01)和显著低于妊娠第70天(P<0.05)。说明随着母猪妊娠期的延长和进入泌乳期,母猪对饲料钙、磷的消化率逐渐降低。In order to investigate the changes of dietary calcium and phosphorus digestibility during pregnancy and lactation in sows,24 pregnant sows with similar age,parity,fat condition and body weight were selected for this trial after pregnancy diagnosis.Fecal and feed samples of the test pigs were collected on the 25 th,70 th,100 th day of pregnancy and 20 days after delivery.The digestibility of calcium and phosphorus was determined by acid insoluble ash method,and the difference of digestibility in different stages was compared.The results showed that the calcium digestibility showed a decreasing trend with the increase of gestation days,and the calcium digestibility on the 25 th day of gestation was 63.00%,and the calcium digestibility on the 100 th day of gestation was 58.33%,with a significant difference between them(P<0.05).During lactation,the calcium digestibility continued to decrease,the digestibility of calcium was 54.14%on the 20 th day of lactation,which was significantly lower than that on the 25 th and 70 th day of pregnancy(P<0.01),and still significantly lower than that on the 100 th day of pregnancy(P<0.05).The digestibility of phosphorus showed the same trend.The digestibility of phosphorus was 50.95%on the 25 th day of pregnancy and 47.46%on the 70 th day of pregnancy,with a significant difference between them(P<0.05).On the 100 th day of pregnancy,the digestibility of phosphorus continued to decrease,which was significantly lower than that of 25 th day(P<0.01)and 70 th day(P<0.05)of pregnancy.Although the digestibility of phosphorus continued to decrease during lactation,it was not significantly different from that of 100 th day of pregnancy(P>0.05),but it was significantly lower than the 25 th day of pregnancy(P<0.01)and significantly lower than the 70 th day of pregnancy(P<0.05).The results indicated that the digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in feed decreased gradually with the prolongation of pregnancy and lactation in sows.

关 键 词：母猪 妊娠期 泌乳期 采食量 钙 磷 消化率 

分 类 号：S816.71[农业科学—饲料科学] S828[农业科学—畜牧学]