福建省2016—2019年儿童脊髓灰质炎病毒检出率调查  

Investigation on detection rate of polio viruses among children in Fujian,China,2016-2019

作　　者：庄雅红 杨秀惠[1] 张山鹰[1] ZHUANG Yahong;YANG Xiuhui;ZHANG Shanying(Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Reaserach),Fuzhou Fujian 350001,China;Public Health School of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou Fujian 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心(福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室),福建福州350001 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350001

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2021年第2期1-3,17,共4页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省社会发展引导性项目(2017Y011)。

摘　　要：目的了解脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗转换对福建省儿童脊灰病毒(PV)携带情况的影响。方法采用随机抽样方法,对龙岩、泉州、福州市<6岁儿童进行3次重复横断面调查。结果3次共调查儿童1064例,病毒检出率为21.9%(233例,其中27例为PVⅢ型疫苗相关株、206例为非脊灰病毒);PV检出率以疫苗转换后稳定期最高(3.6%);PV检出率0岁组最高(6.7%);"0"剂次免疫的儿童PV检出率最高(10.0%)、"3"剂次基础免疫的儿童最低(1.7%);3种免疫模式者(减毒、灭活和混合)的PV检出率差异均无统计学意义;27株PVⅢ中,29.6%(8株)在VP1区与Sabin疫苗株完全一致,70.4%(19株)变异位点均<5个,涉及17个位点。结论福建省2016—2019年疫苗转换后儿童PV检出率维持往年水平,均为PVⅢ型疫苗相关株,今后仍需加强脊灰病毒的监测。Objective To investigate the influence of poliomyelitis(polio)vaccine switch on the poliovirus(PV)carrying status of healthy children in Fujian.Methods With random sampling,the children aged<6 in Longyan,Quanzhou and Fuzhou City were investigated by using three repeated cross-sectional surveys.Results Totally 1064 cases were investigated in three times and the virus detection rate was 21.9%(233 cases,in which 27 were PVⅢvaccine-related strains and 206 were non-poliovirus).The PV detection rate was the highest(3.6%)in the stable period after the vaccine switch.The PV detection rate was the highest in the 0-year-old group(6.7%).The detection rate was the highest with"0"dose vaccination children(10.0%)and the children with"three"doses of basic immunization were the lowest(1.7%).There was no statistical significance in PV detection rates in three kinds of immunization models(attenuated,inactivated and mixed).In 27 strains of PVⅢ,29.6%(8 strains)were identical in the VP1 region with the Sabin vaccine strain and 70.4%(19 strains)had<5 mutation sites,involving 17 sites.Conclusion The detection rates of PV among healthy children in Fujian during 2016-2019 after the vaccine switch maintain on the level with previous years,all of them are related to the PVⅢvaccine strain and polio virus surveillance should be strengthened in the future.

关 键 词：脊灰病毒 儿童 检出率 脊灰疫苗 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]