动产担保物权的权利顺位规则——兼论功能主义担保观引入之障碍及其破除  

Rules for the Order of Rights in the Security of Chattels——The obstacles to the introduction of functionalist guarantee concept and their elimination

作　　者：温晓之 WEN Xiao-zhi(Civil and Commercial Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期80-88,共9页Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：以功能主义担保观为路径,融资租赁和所有权保留可被纳入到动产担保制度下。价款优先权的登记时间由交付时间决定,交付时间应以第三人视角进行判断,但可能并非真实交付时间。应允许后顺位抵押权人进行宣示登记,登记机关应辅之发票等证明材料进行形式审查。价款优先权优于在先登记的浮动抵押权,后者优于后设立的固定抵押权。所有权保留和融资租赁可以价款优先权予以登记,但是应排除售后回租等缺乏移转占有行为模式的适用。超过宽限期的价款优先权仅有普通抵押权的效力。让与担保仅应当以普通抵押权对待。典型或非典型动产担保权利顺位冲突时都可用《民法典》四百一十四条进行判断。Taking the functionalist guarantee concept as a path,financial leasing and retention of ownership can be included in the chattel guarantee system.The registration time of Purchase-Money Security is determined by the delivery time.The delivery time should be judged from the perspective of a third party,but it may not be the actual delivery time.The subsequent mortgagee shall be allowed to declare and register,and the registration authority shall conduct formal review with supporting documents such as invoices.The Purchase-Money Security is better than the floating mortgage that is registered earlier,and the latter is better than the fixed mortgage that is established later.Ownership retention and financial leases can be registered with the Purchase-Money Security,but the application of the lack of transfer and possession behavior models such as sale and leaseback should be excluded.The Purchase-Money Security beyond the grace period has only the effect of ordinary mortgage.Assignment guarantees should only be treated as ordinary mortgages.When a typical or atypical movable property security right is in a conflict of order,Article 414 of the Civil Code can be used to judge.

关 键 词：动产担保 功能主义担保观 非典型担保 登记对抗 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]