5个蓖麻品种对土壤中镉富集的差异  

Evaluation of Cadmium Enrichment Capacity of Five Castor Varieties in Cd-polluted Soil

作　　者：王沛琦[1] 高梅[1] 刘旭云[1] 胡学礼[1] 代梦媛 李文昌[1] WANG Peiqi;GAO Mei;LIU Xuyun;HU Xueli;DAI Mengyuan;LI Wenchang(Industrial Crop Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《核农学报》2021年第6期1433-1439,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省农业联合青年项目(2017FG001(-090));科技入滇(国际科技合作)项目(2019IB010)。

摘　　要：为了评价能源作物蓖麻对污染农田中重金属镉(Cd)的富集修复能力,本研究以5个蓖麻品种为试验材料,通过大田试验对比了不同蓖麻品种在Cd污染农田中的生长情况、对Cd的富集和转运能力以及对Cd污染土壤的修复能力。结果表明,5个蓖麻品种在Cd污染农田中生长良好,其中滇蓖2号的株高、茎粗及单株产量显著高于其他品种,分别为440.78 cm、5.04 cm以及338.85 g。5个蓖麻品种根、茎、叶及果实的Cd含量、Cd积累量和富集系数均存在显著差异,其中经作蓖麻1号根、茎和果实的Cd含量最高,分别为1.40、1.14和0.33 mg·kg^(-1)。污染修复能力方面,滇蓖2号Cd的积累量达3.38 mg/株,提取率为5.34%,显著高于其他品种。经作蓖麻1号尽管富集能力最强,但由于其生物量最小,其Cd积累量及年提取效率均最低。综上可知,蓖麻对土壤中重金属Cd的富集能力较强,可用于修复云南个旧地区的Cd污染土壤,且种植滇蓖2号可以获得较好的修复效果。本研究结果为云南Cd污染土壤治理提供了理论基础和参考依据。In order to evaluate the enrichment and remediation capacity of castor on heavy metal cadmium(Cd) in polluted farmland, five castor varieties were selected for field trials. The agronomic characteristics, yield, Cd enrichment and translocation capacity, remediation capacity in Cd contaminated soil were investigated. The results showed that the five varieties of castor grew well in Cd-polluted farmland. The plant height, stem diameter and seed yield per plant of Dianbi2 were 440.78 cm, 5.04 cm and 338.85 g, respectively, which were significantly higher than other varieties. The Cd content, Cd accumulation in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits, and enrichment coefficients were significantly different among five castor varieties. The Cd content in roots, stems, and fruits of Jingzuobima1 were 1.40 mg·kg^(-1), 1.14 mg·kg^(-1) and 0.33 mg·kg^(-1), respectively, which were significantly higher than other varieties. In terms of remediation capacity, the Cd accumulation of Dianbi2 was 3.38 mg per plant, while the annual extraction rate was 5.34%, which was significantly higher than other varieties. Although Jingzuobima1 has the strongest enrichment capacity, its Cd accumulation and annual extraction efficiency are the lowest due to its smallest biomass. This study shows that castor has a strong enrichment capacity to accumulate heavy metal Cd in soil and can be used to remediate the Cd-polluted soil in Gejiu, Yunnan province, and planting Dianbi2 can result in a better remediation effect. This study provides a theoretical basis and reference for remediation of Cd polluted areas in Yunnan.

关 键 词：蓖麻 镉 富集 植物修复 

分 类 号：S565.6[农业科学—作物学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]