车辆发动机散热器冷却性能匹配性分析  

Matching Analysis of Cooling System Performance of Vehicle Engine Radiator

作　　者：张思杨[1] 郭献洲[2] ZHANG Si-yang;GUO Xian-zhou(Sichuan Technology&Business College,Sichuan Chengdu 611800,China;Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]四川工商职业技术学院,四川成都611800 [2]河北工业大学,天津300401

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2021年第6期240-244,248,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11171087)。

摘　　要：散热器是汽车发动机冷却液与空气进行热交换的设备,直接影响到整车运行的稳定性和安全性。针对大型车辆用管芯式散热器冷却性能匹配性进行分析,采用软件仿真分析方法,分别搭建单元和整体模型,通过改变冷却风速和风量,获得散热器的阻力特性曲线和回归方程,使其与冷却风散的性能曲线和回归方程进行匹配,获得通过散热器的最佳风量和最佳入口风压;分析在最佳工作状况下,散热器出口的水温,检验散热器是否满足发动机的散热需求;并采用试验台架对分析结果进行检验。结果可知:散热器的最佳风量和最佳入口风压,分别为15.77m~3/s和751.46pa;对最佳工况下,散热器出口的水温大约为80℃,高于规定的最低温度,可以满足发动机的散热需求;模拟仿真与试验结果基本一致,误差在2%以内,为同类设计提供参考。The radiator is the equipment for the heat exchange between the engine coolant and the air,which directly affects the stability and safety of the vehicle operation.For large vehicles,the cooling performance matching of the die-type radiator is analyzed.By using CFD analysis method,the unit and the overall model are built separately,and the resistance characteristic curve and regression equation of the radiator are obtained by changing the cooling wind speed and air volume,which is matched with the performance curve and regression equation of cooling dispersion,so as to obtain the optimal air flow through the radiator and the optimal inlet air pressure.Under the best working conditions,the water temperature at the radiator outlet is analyzed to check whether the radiator meets the heat dissipation requirements of the engine.Test bench is used to test the analysis results.The results show that the optimal air volume and optimal inlet air pressure of the radiator are 15.77 m3/s and 751.46 Pa,respectively.For the best working conditions,the water temperature at the radiator outlet is about 80℃,which is higher than the specified minimum temperature and can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the engine.The simulation and test results are basically the same,and the error is within 2%,which provides a reference for similar designs.

关 键 词：汽车 散热器 冷却系统 匹配性 计算流体力学 试验 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U469.4[机械工程—车辆工程]