施肥对羊草割草场土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Fertilizations on Soil Nutrient of Leymus chinensis Mowing Meadow

作　　者：温超 杨晓松[2] 高丽娟[2] 斯日古楞[2] 张军[2] 张璞进 木兰 晔薷罕 单玉梅 WEN Chao;YANG Xiao-song;GAO Li-juan;Siriguleng;ZHANG Jun;ZHANG Pu-jin;Mulan;YE Ru-han;SHAN Yu-mei(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot010031,China;Tongliao Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Sciences,Tongliao028000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古通辽市畜牧兽医科学研究所,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2021年第3期86-90,共5页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金(2020ZY0017);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303060)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究切根改良后配合氮、磷肥混施对科尔沁草原羊草割草场土壤养分的影响。[方法]在切根基础上对羊草割草场进行不同浓度的氮、磷肥添加试验,设置4个氮、磷添加梯度处理,分别为CK(对照)、NP1(尿素75 kg/hm^(2)+磷酸二铵45 kg/hm^(2))、NP2(尿素150 kg/hm^(2)+磷酸二铵90 kg/hm^(2))和NP3(尿素225 kg/hm^(2)+磷酸二铵135 kg/hm^(2))。每个处理设置3个区组作为重复,共12个试验小区。2014年8月中旬,在每个小区随机设置一个1 m×1 m样方,齐地面刈割植物样品后采集土壤样品,随机设置3个取样点,采用凯氏定氮法、碱解法、钼锑抗比色法、酸溶—钼锑抗比色法、氢氧化钠熔融法、乙酸铵浸提—火焰光度法、重铬酸钾滴定法分别测定土壤氮、磷、钾含量和土壤有机质含量。[结果]与CK相比,NP3处理导致10~20 cm土壤层的全氮含量显著(P<0.05)降低;3个施肥处理均可显著(P<0.05)提高0~10 cm和10~20 cm土壤层的速效氮含量;NP3处理可显著(P<0.05)提高0~10 cm土壤层的全磷和速效磷含量,NP2处理可显著(P<0.05)提高0~10 cm和20~30 cm土壤层的速效磷含量;NP2和NP3处理导致10~20 cm和20~30 cm土壤层的全钾含量显著(P<0.05)降低,NP3处理导致0~10 cm土壤层的速效钾含量显著(P<0.05)降低;3个施肥处理均可显著(P<0.05)提高不同土壤层的有机质含量。[结论]综合考虑施氮、磷肥后土壤养分含量变化情况,在对羊草割草场改良过程中,需要配施一定量的钾肥,有利于改善科尔沁草原羊草割草场土壤养分状况。[Objective]To investigate the effects of combinative application of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)fertilizers based on improvement by root cutting on soil nutrient of Leymus chinensis mowing meadow in Horqin grassland.[Method]On the basis of root cutting,a field experiment of adding N and P fertilizers at different concentrations was conducted in the Leymus chinensis mowing meadow.Using a randomized block design,four treatment levels of N and P fertilizers,including CK(control),NP1(urea 75 kg/hm^(2)+diammonium phosphate 45 kg/hm^(2)),NP2(urea 150 kg/hm^(2)+diammonium phosphate 90 kg/hm^(2)),and NP3(urea 225 kg/hm^(2)+diammonium phosphate 135 kg/hm^(2)),were set.There were 3 blocks as repeats for each treatment,and there was a total of 12 experimental plots.In mid-August 2014,a 1 m×1 m quadrat was randomly set in each plot,and the soil samples were collected after cutting the plant samples at 0 cm stubble;three sampling points were randomly chosen,and the contents of soil N,P and potassium(K)as well as soil organic matter were determined by Kjeldahl method,alkaline hydrolysis method,molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method,acid dissolution-molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method,sodium hydroxide fusion method,ammonium acetate extraction-flame photometric method,and potassium dichromate titrimetric method.[Result]Compared with CK,NP3 treatment induced the significant(P<0.05)reduction of total N content in 10-20 cm soil layer;the 3 fertilization treatments significantly(P<0.05)increased the available N content in 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers;NP3 treatment significantly(P<0.05)increased the contents of total P and available P in 0-10 cm soil layer,and NP2 treatment significantly(P<0.05)increased the available P contents in 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers;NP2 and NP3 treatments induced the significant(P<0.05)reduction of total K contents in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers,and NP3 treatment induced the significant(P<0.05)reduction of available K content in 0-10 cm soil layer;the 3 fertilization treatment

关 键 词：氮肥 磷肥 羊草割草场 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学] S158[农业科学—畜牧学]