当代澳大利亚文学中的“白色批判”  

作　　者：王腊宝 王丽霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学 [2]江苏科技大学

出　　处：《复旦外国语言文学论丛》2020年第2期22-28,共7页Fudan Forum on Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“澳大利亚后现代实验小说研究”(16BWW054)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当代澳大利亚文学中的"白色批判"立足澳大利亚种族关系中的肤色问题,揭示白色在澳大利亚社会中所享受的特权地位,批判主流社会依据肤色构建起来的种族霸权。作为一种阅读和批评视角,"白色批判"近年来被广泛运用于澳大利亚文学作品的解读。透过这一视角,传统澳大利亚白人文学将白色与普世人性相联系,宣扬一种白人至上主义,移民文学展示了当代澳大利亚实行的所谓多元文化主义政策不过是白人管理非白人移民的文化策略,土著文学则刻画了新一代土著民对于恢复土著主权的政治诉求。"白色批判"为新世纪的澳大利亚文学批评开拓了新的方向,但在白人主导的澳大利亚文坛,这样的批评范式难免不受到某些抵制。Critical Whiteness Studies in contemporary Australian literature started as an indigenous and ethnic initiative that examined the role of skin colour in the problematics of Australian race relations.Unveiling the privilege that comes with whiteness in Australian society,it critiques the colour-based racial hegemony.As a reading perspective,Critical Whiteness Studies reveals the extent to which Anglo-Celtic writers in their writings take the superiority of their whiteness for granted;it also highlights in the work of migrant writers the exclusionism that has been practiced against them in the name of multiculturalism,and in the work of Aboriginal writers the determination to strive towards sovereignty for all indigenous people.Critical Whiteness Studies opens up new horizons and possibilities for Australian literary criticism but it also faces some resistance from bigoted conservatives.

关 键 词：澳大利亚文学 白色批判 白人文学 移民文学 土著文学 

分 类 号：I611.06[文学—其他各国文学]