改革开放以来中国城乡经济发展的不平衡性及效应分析  

An Analysis of the Imbalance and Effect of China’s Urban and Rural Economic Development since the Reform and Opening-up

作　　者：王平 李敏纳[3] 宋洁华 WANG Ping;LI Min-Na;SONG Jie-Hua(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China;Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Island Surface Processes and Environmental Changes,Haikou 571158,China;School of Economics and Management,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院 [2]海南省热带海岛地表过程与环境变化重点实验室 [3]海南师范大学经济管理学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期119-126,共8页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目“旅游驱动型的城乡统筹作用机制研究及绩效评估——以海南为例”(项目编号:419QN216);海南师范大学教育教学改革研究项目“从原理教学到规划设计:基于《城市规划原理》教学改革探讨”(项目编号:hsjg2019-39);海南省高等学校科学研究重点项目“海南省基础教育资源空间失配及时空演化研究”(项目编号:Hnky2019ZD-18)。

摘　　要：城乡发展不平衡是发展中国家工业化进程中必然出现的现象。适度的城乡差距,对经济发展存在正向效应,但过度的城乡不平衡则会带来诸多的负面效应。研究表明:1.新中国城乡发展的不平衡呈波动变化的特点,城乡二元经济结构虽总体上有所削弱,但目前仍十分明显,城乡居民收入和消费的不平衡虽总体上有所弱化,但目前仍逾出“比较合理”的范围,城乡固定资产投资的不平衡呈急剧扩大的态势;2.经济效应的计量分析结果表明城乡二元规模对比系数(X_(2))和城乡居民收入比(X_(3))对经济增长影响较为明显,且均呈负相关关系,即城乡经济结构二元化和城乡居民收入的进一步扩大会阻碍经济的增长。因此,推动城乡二元经济结构向一元结构的全面转换及缩小城乡收入差距对我国经济增长具有重要的意义。基于以上研究结论,建议主要从“三农”领域加强有效措施的制定。The imbalance of urban and rural development is an inevitable phenomenon in the process of industrialization in developing countries.A moderate urban-rural gap has a positive effect on economic development,but an excessive urban-rural imbalance may lead to many negative effects.As shown by studies,(1)the imbalance of urban and rural development in New China is characterized by fluctuations.Although the urban-rural dual economic structure has been weakened on the whole,it is still very obvious.While the imbalance in income and the consumption of urban and rural residents has generally somewhat weakened,it is still beyond the“relatively reasonable”range,and the imbalance of urban and rural fixed asset investment is rapidly expanding;(2)As indicated by the results of an econometric analysis of economic effects,the comparative coefficient of urban-rural dual scale(X_(2))and the ratio of urban and rural residents’income(X_(3))have a significant impact on economic growth,and both of them are negatively correlated,that is,the dualization of urban and rural economic structure and the further expansion of urban as well as the rural and urban residents’income will hinder economic growth.Therefore,It is of great significance for China’s economic growth to promote the comprehensive transformation of the dual economic structure between urban and rural areas to a unified structure as well as to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.Based on the above findings,it is proposed that the formulation of effective measures be strengthened in the field of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.

关 键 词：经济现代化 城乡发展不平衡 效应分析 回归分析 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]