珠江河口河网咸潮上溯机制的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of salinity intrusion mechanism in the Pearl River Estuary network

作　　者：周荣香 季小梅[1,4] 张蔚 徐龑文[5] ZHOU Rong-xiang;JI Xiao-mei;ZHANG Wei;XU Yan-wen(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Engineering Research Center of the Education Ministry of Dredging Technology,Hohai University,Nanjing,210098,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coastal Zones,Shanghai 200061,China;Key Laboratory of Port,Waterway&Sedimentation Engineering,Ministry of Communications,PRC,Nanjing 210029,China;Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuarine Dynamics and Associated Process Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学,江苏省海岸海洋资源开发与环境安全重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学,疏浚技术教育部工程研究中心,江苏南京210098 [3]上海滩涂海岸工程技术研究中心,上海200061 [4]港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [5]水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室,广东广州510611

出　　处：《水运工程》2021年第6期33-41,共9页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2018KJ05);港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目(Yk220001-5);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(B200204036)。

摘　　要：随着全球变暖导致海平面上升和人类活动的加剧,珠江三角洲的咸潮灾害日趋严重,分析咸潮上溯主要动力因素及响应趋势非常必要。构建珠江河口河网一、三维耦合水流盐度模型,对地形、上游主要节点流量以及海平面上升高度进行敏感性试验,利用通量机制分解方法分析不同情况下西江、北江干流的沿程盐通量,探讨河口河网咸潮上溯对主要动力因素变化的响应规律。结果表明,各口门的盐通量均以平流运输项为主导;地形变化与上游径流量对盐通量影响远大于海平面上升;上游主要节点的径流量在大潮时主要控制平流运输项和剪切扩散项来调节盐通量,小潮时潮泵运输项变化相对较大;海平面上升对潮控口门(如洪奇门)的影响大于径控口门(如磨刀门),但短期内影响相对较小。Under the influence of sea-level rise caused by global warming and intensive human activities,salinity intrusion in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)has obviously intensified.It is necessary to analyze the main dynamic factors and the response trends of salinity intrusion.We establish a coupled 1D-3D coupled water salinity model,carry out the sensitivity test with the topography,upstream discharge at main station and sea-level rise changing respectively,apply the flux mechanism decomposition method to analyze the salt flux along the main streams of Xijiang River and Beijiang River,and discuss the response law of salinity intrusion in the estuary network to the change of main dynamic factors.The results show that the salt transport flux at all outlets are dominated by advection transport.Changes in topography and upstream discharge have a greater impact on the salt transport flux than the sea level rise.The salt transport flux increases less at the entrance after riverbed cutting and increases more in the upstream direction.During the spring tide,the advection transport and steady shear transport are mainly controlled by the upstream discharge at the main station to adjust the salt transport flux.During the neap tide,the tidal oscillatory transport for tide pumping is relatively large.The impact of sea-level rise on tide-dominated outlets(e.g.Hongqimen)is greater than that of river-dominated outlets(e.g.Modaomen),but the impact of sea-level rise in the short term is relatively small.

关 键 词：珠江河口河网 咸潮上溯 盐通量分解 人类活动 海平面上升 

分 类 号：TV148.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]