2018~2020年广州市采血不足量发生原因分析  

Analysis of reasons of insufficient blood collected in Guangzhou during 2018~2020

作　　者：梁明月[1] 骆宏[1] 黄伯泉[1] 谭爱玲[1] 范斌[1] 何博[1] 黄晓斌[1] LIANG MingYue;LUO Hong;HUANG Boquan;TAN Ailing;FAN Bin;HE Bo;HUANG Xiaobin(Guangzhou Blood Center,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心广州市医学重点实验室血液安全重点实验室,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2021年第5期514-516,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：广州市医学重点学科建设项目(血液安全重点实验室);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2017568、B2017024)。

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析采血不足量发生的原因,为进一步采取有针对性的措施提供依据,以降低采血环节中不足量全血报废和防止献血者流失。方法在广州血液中心信息管理系统中统计2018~2020年每年全血献血人次和采血环节中全血不足量发生人次,通过SPSS(22.0)软件对数据进行χ^(2)检验和线性趋势检验。结果 2018~2020年采血不足量发生率为0.066 4%(531/799 439),血流不畅、晕针和其他原因导致的采血不足量发生率分别为0.048 7%(389/799 439),0.010 6%(85/799 439)和0.007 1%(57/799 439)。各年间采血不足量发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中血流不畅导致的采血不足量发生率呈上升趋势且有统计学意义(0.036 3%<0.038 2%<0.072 7%,P<0.05)。结论采血环节中血流不畅引起的不足量全血有上升的趋势,需进一步采取针对性的措施。新冠疫情常态化下,采血护士除了进行疫情防控专业知识学习及培训,还需不断加强静脉穿刺技能、心理护理和处理献血不良反应的能力,为献血者提供优质服务。Objective To retrospectively analyze the reasons of insufficient blood collected, to provide evidences for further taking targeted measures, to reduce the discard of insufficient whole blood and prevent the loss of blood donors.Methods Calculate the total number of whole blood donors and the number of whole blood donors donating insufficient blood during 2018~2020 annually in Guangzhou Blood Center Information System, and the data was analyzed in SPSS(22.0) software for χ^(2) test and linear trend test.Results During 2018~2020, the incidence of insufficient blood collected was 0.066 4%(531/799 439), and the incidence of insufficient blood collected because of poor blood flow, needle-sickness and other reasons were 0.048 7%(389/799 439), 0.010 6%(85/799 439) and 0.007 1%(57/799 439). Furthermore, the incidence of insufficient blood collected of the three above reasons had statistically significant difference between the years respectively(P<0.05), meanwhile the incidence of insufficient blood collected because of poor blood flow was in a general rising trend significantly(0.036 3%<0.038 2%<0.072 7%,P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of insufficient blood collected because of poor blood flow was in the rising trend and further precautions should be considered. Under the normalization of the novel corona-virus pneumonia(COVID-19), the professional knowledge of epidemic prevention and control should be learned and trained, in addition the puncture technique, the ability of offering psychological care and dealing with adverse events during blood collection should be also improved among nurses continually, so as to provide high quality services for blood donors.

关 键 词：全血 采血不足量 血流不畅 晕针 

分 类 号：R457.12[医药卫生—治疗学]