微胚乳玉米籽粒脂肪酸组分的配合力及遗传率研究  

Study on Combining Ability and Heritability of Fatty Acid Compositions in Corn Kernel with Micro-endosperm

作　　者：韦俏君 佟显聪 梁树辉 郝小琴[1] WEI Qiaojun;TONG Xiancong;LIANG Shuhui;HAO Xiaoqin(Agriculture College Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530005

出　　处：《种子》2021年第5期1-6,14,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960429)。

摘　　要：为了解微胚乳油用玉米的脂肪酸组成,选用2个高油酸微胚乳玉米自交系和6个中低油酸微胚乳玉米自交系,按NCⅡ设计组配12个微胚乳玉米杂交组合,对其籽粒直榨油的脂肪酸成分进行测定,研究其配合力和遗传参数。结果表明,12个杂交组合的油酸含量42.67%~47.80%,亚油酸含量31.90%~40.93%,亚麻酸含量0.64%~0.79%,棕榈酸含量10.85%~14.50%,硬脂酸含量3.08%~4.44%,亚麻酸、花生酸、花生一烯酸、山嵛酸、木焦油酸、棕榈一烯酸和十七烷酸等7种脂肪酸含量均小于1%。油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸和木焦油酸等4个性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均显著,其总配合力相对效应值的大小与各性状测定值的大小顺序一致。亚麻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸和棕榈一烯酸等4个性状的一般配合力方差较大,加性效应起主要作用。亚油酸和木焦油酸特殊配合力方差较大,非加性效应起主要作用。油酸的一般配合力方差为52.56%,受加性效应和非加性效应的共同影响。In order to understand the fatty acid composition of corn with micro-endosperm for oil,2 micro-endosperm maize inbred lines with high oleic acid content and 6 micro-endosperm maize inbred lines with medium low oleic acid content were randomly crossed to create 12 micro-endosperm maize hybridized combinations based on NCⅡdesign.The fatty acid composition of the virgin oil was determined and its combining ability and genetic parameters was also studied.The results showed that the contents of oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,palmitic acid and stearic acid were 42.67%—47.80%,31.90%—40.93%,0.64%—0.79%,10.85%—14.50%,3.08%—4.44%,respectively,and the contents of seven fatty acids were less than 1%,including linolenic acid,arachidonic acid,arachidonic acid,behenic acid,tetracosanoic acid,palmitoenoic acid and heptadecanoic acid.The variance of general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of oleic acid,linoleic acid,stearic acid and lignotaric acid were significant,and the relative effect value of total combining ability(TCA)was in the same order as the measured value of each character.And,the variance of GCA of linolenic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid and palmitic monoenoic acid was larger,and the additive effect played the main role.The variance of the SCA of linoleic acid content and tetracosanoic acid content was larger,and the non-additive effect played the main role.Finally,the variance of GCA of oleic acid content was 52.56%,which was influenced by both additive effect and non-additive effect.

关 键 词：微胚乳玉米 脂肪酸 油酸 配合力 遗传率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]