投喂频率对牙鲆生长的影响  

Effect of feeding frequency on growth of Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：陈小傲 朱建新[2] 刘洋[2,3] 薛致勇[4] 曲克明 CHEN Xiaoao;ZHU Jianxin;LIU Yang;XUE Zhiyong;QU Keming(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Yellow Sea Aquatic Product Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 265100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛200071 [3]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023 [4]海阳市黄海水产有限公司,山东烟台265100

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2021年第3期77-84,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0900505);国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701701)。

摘　　要：文章研究了流水养殖条件下不同投喂频率对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)成鱼摄食量、生长、消化酶、抗氧化酶和肠道组织的影响,旨在探究牙鲆成鱼的最适投喂频率。实验设置3个处理组,每天分别投喂2(T2)、3(T3)、4(T4)次,持续60 d。结果显示,T3组的日摄食量显著大于T2和T4组(P<0.05);T2和T3组的特定生长率和成活率无显著差异,且均显著高于T4组(特定生长率:P<0.05;成活率:P<0.01);3组间增重率有显著差异(P<0.05);T2和T3组的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和脂肪酶(LPS)无显著差异,但均显著高于T4组(CAT、LPS:P<0.01;T-SOD:P<0.05);3组间胃蛋白酶(PPS)有显著差异(P<0.05),T3、T2、T4组依次降低;T4组的肠壁厚度、环肌厚度和杯状细胞数均显著低于T2和T3组(P<0.01),但T2和T3组间无显著差异;T3组的上皮细胞厚度显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),T2和T4组差异不显著。结合研究结果和养殖实际情况,流水养殖条件下牙鲆养成过程中的最适投喂频率为每天3次。We studied the effects of different feeding frequencies on the food intake,growth,digestive enzymes,antioxidant enzymes and intestinal tissue of Paralichthys olivaceus under the condition of running water culture,in order to explore the optimal feeding frequency of P.olivaceus.The experiment set up three feeding frequency treatment groups,feeding 2(T2),3(T3),4(T4)times per day,lasting 60 d.The results show that the daily intake of T3 group was significantly higher than those of T2 and T4 groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the specific growth rate and survival rate of T2 and T3 groups,which were significantly higher than that of T4 group(Specific growth rate:P<0.05,survival rate:P<0.01).There was significant difference in the weight gain rate among the three groups(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the hydrogen peroxide enzymes,total superoxide dismutase and lipase between T2 and T3 groups,which were significantly higher than in T4 group(hydrogen peroxide enzyme,lipase:P<0.01;total superoxide dismutase:P<0.05).There was significant difference in gastric proteases among the three groups(P<0.05),with a descending order of T3,T2 and T4.The intestinal wall thickness,longitudinal muscular thickness and number of goblet cell in T4 group were significantly lower than those in T2 and T3 groups(P<0.01),but there was no significant dif-ference between the T2 and T3 groups,and the thickness of the endocrine cells in T3 group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups(P<0.05),and the difference between the T2 and T4 groups was not significant.Combining the results with the ac-tual situation of breeding,under the condition of running water culture,the most suitable feeding frequency in the process of P.oli-vaceus cultivation is 3 times per day.

关 键 词：牙鲆 摄食节律 投喂频率 肠道组织结构 消化酶 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S967.9[农业科学—水产养殖]