小蓬竹根际土壤微生物及内生真菌多样性分析  

Diversity analysis of rhizosphere soil fungi and endophytic fungi in Ampelocalamus luodianensis

作　　者：陈梦 陈敬忠 刘济明[1] 武梦瑶 颜强 李鹏 黄路婷 肖雪峰 CHEN Meng;CHEN Jingzhong;LIU Jiming;WU Mengyao;YAN Qiang;LI Peng;HUANG Luting;XIAO Xuefeng(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Institute of Social Industry,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省社会工业研究所,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省山地资源研究所,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学报》2021年第10期4120-4130,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2019]2774号);贵州省科技计划(黔科合SY[2015]3023);国家自然科学基金(31800335)。

摘　　要：为了解喀斯特典型物种-小蓬竹根际土壤微生物及不同部位内生真菌多样性,采用沿等高线等距离取样法采集小蓬竹根际土壤及健康植株,通过可培养对根际土微生物及内生菌进行分离,利用分子技术对其进行鉴定,根据鉴定结果构建系统发育树,并计算小蓬竹根际土壤微生物和根茎叶内生真菌多样性。结果如下:(1)共从根际土壤、根、茎、叶分离得到139个真菌菌株,隶属于27属,其中根际土壤分离得到34个真菌菌株隶属于12属,根部分离得到的63个内生真菌菌株隶属于17个属,茎部分离得到的14个内生真菌菌株隶属于8个属,叶部分离得到28个内生真菌菌株隶属于9个属;(2)根际土壤共分离得到41株细菌菌株,隶属于7个属26个种,20株放线菌菌株,隶属于1属15种;从Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、均匀度指数、Simpson指数排序来看,真菌主要表现为根>根际土壤>茎>叶,细菌和放线菌多样性均较低。(3)按层次聚类分析可分别将真菌、细菌、放线菌聚为3支。小蓬竹根际土壤、根、茎和叶具有丰富的微生物多样性,不同部位菌群组成存在差异性(P<0.05),且存在以假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属等为优势属的抗盐耐旱菌群,这有助于揭示小蓬竹对喀斯特生境的适应性,以及为微生物-植物群落之间相互关系提供一定基础数据,为后期寻找小蓬竹相关耐性功能菌奠定基础。To understand the diversity of the rhizosphere soil microbial and endophytic fungi from the typical karst species⁃A.luodianensis,rhizosphere soil and healthy plants were collected through Isometric sampling method,then the soil microbial and endophytic fungi were isolated by culturable cultivation,and identified using the molecular technology.Finally,we constructed a phylogenetic tree,and calculated the diversity index according to the results,which reveal the conclusion:(1)Totally,there are 139 fungal isolates was obtained from rhizosphere soil,root,stem and leaf,belonging to 27 genera.Among them,34 fungi strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil,belonging to 12 genera;63 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from the roots,belonging to 17 genera;14 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from the stems,belonging to 8 genera,28 endophytic fungi strains were isolated from the leaves,belong to 9 genera.(2)There are 41 bacteria strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil,belonging to 7 genera and 26 species totally;20 actinomycetes strains,belonging to 1 genus and 15 species.According to the order of microorganism diversity index,there was a significant difference in fungal diversity:root>rhizosphere soil>stem>leaf,but it was not significant in the diversity of bacteria and actinomycetes.(3)Fungi,bacteria and actinomycetes were divided into 3 branches by hierarchical cluster analysis.We found that the microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil,root,stem and leaf of A.luodianensis was abundant,and there was a significant difference in microbial community composition in different parts(P<0.05),salt⁃tolerant and drought⁃tolerant bacteria groups with pseudomonas and bacillus were the dominant genera here.This study laid a foundation for searching for functional bacteria related to A.luodianensis,which would help to reveal the adaptability of A.luodianensis to karst habitat and provide some basic data for the relationship between microorganism and plant community.

关 键 词：微生物 多样性 适应能力 喀斯特 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]