大兴安岭次生林区优势种落叶松分布格局及竞争作用  

Spatial distribution pattern and competition relationship of the dominant species in Greater Khingan Mountains′secondary forest area

作　　者：白小军[1,2] 贾琳 谷会岩 BAI Xiaojun;JIA Lin;GU Huiyan(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Shenmu Middle School,Yulin 719300,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]陕西省神木中学,榆林719300

出　　处：《生态学报》2021年第10期4194-4202,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370610);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2572017PZ05)。

摘　　要：竞争是形成特定群落结构、构成分布格局的基本驱动力之一,树种的空间分布和大小并不是相互独立的,而是广泛受到竞争过程影响。在大兴安岭设置一块具有代表性的天然次生林恢复样地,采用点格局分析中的最近邻体距离G(r)函数、双关联函数g(r)和基于个体胸径标记的点格局分析方法同时结合4种点格局零模型(完全随机模型、均值托马斯模型、随机标签模型、先决条件零模型)研究分析大兴安岭次生林区优势种落叶松不同生活史阶段的分布格局、关联性及竞争作用。研究结果显示:落叶松不同发育阶段分布格局不同、同一发育阶段不同研究尺度分布格局也不同;落叶松种群内存在潜在的竞争、且竞争作用与龄级和研究尺度有关;落叶松幼龄个体在小尺度(r<5m)下的聚集分布是由扩散限制作用和竞争作用所导致;落叶松种群内成龄与幼龄个体间有较强的正关联性、成龄个体对幼龄个体在小尺度下有明显的庇护作用;标记点格局分析方法在检测植物群落中的竞争作用时敏感性较高。Competition is one of the basic driving forces to form a specific community structure and constitute a distribution pattern.The spatial distribution and size of tree species are not independent of each other,but they are widely affected by the competition process.We set up a representative natural secondary forest restoration sample plot in Greater Khingan Mountains using the nearest neighbor distance G(r)function,double correlation function g(r),and the marker point pattern analysis method based on individual breast diameter.The distribution pattern,correlation and competitive effect of Lgmelini in different life history stages were analyzed.Results show that:the larix gmelini population has different distribution patterns at the different development stages,and it also has different distribution patterns at different research scales but the same development stage.There is potential competition in the population,while the competition is related to age class and research scale.The aggregation distribution of young individuals at a small scale(r<5m)is caused by diffusion restriction and competition.There is a strongly positive correlation between adult and young individuals in the population,and the adult individuals have an obvious sheltering effect on young individuals at a small scale.Marker pattern analysis method is highly sensitive in detecting competition in plant communities.

关 键 词：分布格局 关联性 竞争作用 标记点格局分析 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]