载人潜水器⸺面向深海科考和海洋资源开发利用的“国之重器”  

Manned Submersibles-Deep-sea Scientific Research and Exploitation of Marine Resources

作　　者：杨波[1,2] 刘烨瑶 廖佳伟 YANG Bo;LIU Yeyao;LIAO Jiawei(Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Ocean Acoustic Equipment,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所,北京100190 [2]北京海洋声学装备工程技术研究中心,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2021年第5期622-631,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0300605);中国科学院基础前沿科学研究计划“从0到1”原始创新项目(ZDBS-LY-7015)。

摘　　要：“奋斗者”号载人潜水器的成功研制及良好应用显著提升了我国载人深潜的装备研发能力和自主创新水平,为加快建设海洋强国作出了突出贡献。21世纪是“海洋的世纪”,海洋蕴含的丰富资源是支持人类持续发展的宝贵财富。开发和利用海洋资源成为各国发展的必然趋势,但是面向深海的资源开发需要更加专业化的科考装备。为此,文章在回顾世界各国载人潜水器发展历程的基础上,对目前世界上现有的大深度载人潜水器的工作性能和关键技术的发展进行了总结,分析了当前我国载人潜水器的发展现状及其关键核心技术,并提出未来发展建议,以期为加快建设世界海洋科技强国提供管窥之见。The successful development and good application of the deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe(Striver in English)has significantly improved China’s R&D capabilities of technical equipment and the level of independent innovation in manned deep diving,and also made outstanding contributions to accelerating the construction of a maritime power.The 21st century is the“Century of the Ocean”,and the rich resources in the ocean is a precious wealth that supports the sustainable development of mankind.The development and utilization of marine resources has become an inevitable trend in the development of all countries.However,the scientific expedition equipment needs to be more specialized for developing deep sea resources.To this end,this article reviews the development of manned submersibles in various countries around the world,summarizes the working performance and key technology development of current manned submersibles in the world,and also analyzes the current development status of our country’s manned submersibles and their core technologies.It then puts forward suggestions for future development,hoping to provide insights into accelerating the building of a world marine science and technology powerful nation.

关 键 词：载人潜水器 海洋资源 深海科考 海洋资源开发 

分 类 号：U674.941[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]