云量对祁连山老虎沟12号冰川表面能量平衡的影响  

Effect of cloud on surface energy balance of Laohugou Glacier No.12,Qilian Mountains

作　　者：邹小伟 孙维君 杨堤益 王英珊 李延召 晋子振 杜文涛 秦翔 ZOU Xiaowei;SUN Weijun;YANG Diyi;WANG Yingshan;LI Yanzhao;JIN Zizhen;DU Wentao;QIN Xiang(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China;Haining Meteorological Administration,Haining 314400,Zhejiang,China;Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Ecologic Environment,State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学地理与环境学院,山东济南250014 [2]浙江省海宁市气象局,浙江海宁314400 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2021年第2期342-356,共15页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971073,42071018);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0106);中科院“西部之光”人才项目“祁连山典型流域黑碳影响雪冰消融及其水文效应评估”资助。

摘　　要：为探讨云量对冰川表面能量平衡(SEB)的影响,利用架设在老虎沟12号冰川(简称12号冰川)消融区(4 550m a. s. l.)的自动气象站资料,结合能量平衡模型计算各能量分量并分析其季节变化,通过云量参数化方案获取云量因子并量化其对冰川表面能量收支的影响。结果表明:净短波辐射为冰川表面主要的能量来源(92%),净长波辐射为主要能量支出(61%),二者均受云量影响,但云的短波辐射效应更强(-37W·m^(-2))。云量通过影响辐射收支和湍流通量进而影响冰川表面能量收支,随云量的增加,冰川表面获得的能量减少,冰川消融速率降低。与其他区域的冰川表面能量收支对比,除地理位置、反照率、气温等因素外,海拔和云量的影响也非常显著。Our research explores the influence of cloud cover on the glacier surface energy balance to better understand snow/ice-air interaction. We use the meteorological data obtained by the automatic weather station the Laohugou Glacier No.12 ablation zone located at the 4 550 m a. s. l. in 2011 to calculate the surface energy components combination with the surface energy balance model. The seasonal variation surface energy components of Laohugou Glacier No.12 are analyzed. We calculate the cloud factor through the cloud parameterization scheme and analyze the influence of cloud on Laohugou Glacier No.12 surface energy budget. The results show that:Net shortwave radiation is the most critical component of the energy source(82 W·m^(-2),92%)and net longwave radiation is the primary energy output(-54 W·m^(-2),61%). Both are affected by the cloud,but the former has a more substantial cloud radiative effect(shortwave cloud radiative effect-37 W·m^(-2),longwave cloud radiative effect 24 W·m^(-2)). Cloud mainly affects the surface energy budget of the glacier by affecting radiation budget and turbulence fluxes. As the cloud increases,the glacier surface receives less energy,and the ablation rate decreases. Comparing the surface energy budget of glacier surface in other regions,we convinced that the difference depends not only on the air temperature,location,and albedo but also on the influence of altitude and cloud.

关 键 词：祁连山 老虎沟12号冰川 表面能量平衡 云量 冰川消融 辐射 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]