基于SPSS分析DC51D+ZM钢电阻点焊正交试验及组织分析  

ORTHOGONAL TEST AND MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING OF DC51D+ZM STEEL BASED ON SPSS ANALYSIS

作　　者：卢岳 熊自柳 袁新建[1] 杨宗全 聂中奎 彭建[1] Lu Yue;Xiong Ziliu;Yuan Xinjian;Yang Zongquan;Nie Zhongkui;Peng Jian(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing,400044;HBIS Group Technology Research Institute,Shijiazhuang,Hebei,050023)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044 [2]河钢集团钢研总院,河北石家庄050023

出　　处：《河北冶金》2021年第5期77-82,共6页Hebei Metallurgy

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(项目编号:E2018318013)。

摘　　要：采用正交试验设计方法,以DC51D+ZM镀锌钢为研究对象,焊点拉剪力为评价指标,利用SPSS软件、极差法和方差法,研究电阻点焊焊接电流、焊接时间、电极压力3因素对其焊接性能的影响。研究结果表明:拉剪过程中以拉拔断裂为主;3种因素对拉剪力的影响排序为电流>压力=时间;最优工艺参数为焊接电流10 kA,焊接时间16 cycles,电极压力2.2 kN;从熔核区显微组织生长方向可知,从母材到焊缝区,存在着晶粒逐渐增大的现象,并且焊缝组织也存在着明显差异;母材晶粒平均大小为16μm,相变区、细晶区及粗晶区平均晶粒大小分别为21μm、29μm、42μm;熔核区组织为细长的板条状马氏体,呈现出明显的方向性,粗晶区和细晶区发生完全奥氏体化转变,全部为马氏体组织,相变区则为不完全奥氏体化,由马氏体和铁素体组成。Based on the orthogonal experimental design method,taking DC51D+ZM galvanized steel as the research object,the tensile shear force of solder joint as the evaluation index,the effects of welding current,welding time and electrode pressure on the welding performance of resistance spot welding were studied with SPSS software,range method and variance method.The results show that the main fracture mode is drawing fracture;the influence order of the three factors on the tensile shear force is current>pressure=time;the optimal process parameters are welding current 10 kA,welding time 16 cycles and electrode pressure 2.2 kN;from the growth direction of microstructure in the nugget zone,it can be seen that the grain size increases gradually from the base metal to the weld zone and there are obvious differences in the weld microstructure;the average grain size of base metal is 16μm,the average grain size of phase transformation zone,fine grain zone and coarse grain zone is 21μm,29μm,42μm.The microstructure of nugget zone is elongated lath martensite with obvious directionality.Complete austenization occurs in coarse-grained zone and fine-grained zone,all of which are martensite.The transformation zone is incomplete austenization,which is composed of martensite and ferrite.

关 键 词：镀锌钢 电阻点焊 拉剪力 焊接电流 焊接时间 电极压力 正交试验 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]