经济震荡中美国华人移民的收入同化研究  

Decomposition Analysis of Income Assimilation for Chinese Immigrants during Economic Recession and Resurgence

作　　者：周博 ZHOU Bo(School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州310275

出　　处：《人口与发展》2021年第3期133-144,共12页Population and Development

基　　金：中山大学青年教师培育项目(19wkPy86)。

摘　　要：移民同化研究中对于移民环境变化的控制有所不足,如果观察的时段经济发生大幅波动,劳动力市场受到冲击并伴随种族主义抬头,研究中对同化效应的测量会很不准确。利用合成同期群分解法及细分法,尝试在分离环境影响后考察对华人移民与美国本土白人间工资的相对变化情况。以2007年底开始的美国“大衰退”及其后续经济复苏期作为研究时点,分析经济波动时期华人移民的收入同化情况。分解分析结果显示:分离同期群间差异和市场环境影响后,不同经济环境下华人移民群体收入同化趋势大体一致,然而华人在经济复苏期的收入同化速度低于经济衰退期。经济危机中华人移民平均人力资本下降,经济复苏中平均人力资本回升,说明经济波动中回迁及移民质量变化也会影响华人的收入同化。经济波动中,华人的工资相关变量回报率相对白人总体上升,反映华人的收入同化会在经济波动中减缓,但不会完全停止。When using cross-sectional data to examine assimilation of immigrants,the effect of duration in the U.S.is estimated through comparing immigrant cohorts who came at different time,so the estimation can be interfered by changing workforce.In this study,I used synthetic cohort analysis to decompose the change of wage income for Chinese immigrants during and after the " Great Recession".Decomposing analysis shows that Chinese immigrants experienced wage assimilation in both economic crisis and resurgence,yet assimilated at a slower pace during the resurgence;Chinese immigrants'average human capital dropped during the recession probably due to mass return migration;the return rates of influential variables for Chinese immigrants'wage relatively went up comparing to whites.

关 键 词：收入同化 经济衰退 经济复苏 在美华人 分解分析 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理]