生物炭在设施蔬菜生产中的应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Biochar Application in Greenhouse Vegetable Production

作　　者：张功臣 王波[1] 秦玉红[1] 李磊[1] 张守才[1] ZHANG Gongchen;WANG Bo;QIN Yuhong;LI Lei;ZHANG Shoucai(Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2021年第6期20-26,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G11);青岛市科技惠民示范引导专项(21-1-4-ny-15-nsh);青岛市农业科学研究院博士基金项目(2020-23)。

摘　　要：生物炭是指由农林生物质废弃物(如锯木屑、秸秆、稻壳、粪肥等)在无氧或缺氧状态下经相对低温(≤700℃)热裂解而成的理化性状稳定的固态富碳物质。生物炭在耕地土壤改良、作物栽培、水土保持、固碳减排、污染土壤和水体修复等方面具有良好的作用效果和应用前景。本文综述了生物炭的制备方法、理化性状及其在农业上的应用,重点介绍了生物炭在改良设施土壤、提高蔬菜产量及抗逆性等方面的研究进展,以期为生物炭在设施蔬菜生产中的应用研究提供参考。Biochar is a carbon-rich product with stable physicochemical properties,which is commonly pyrolyzed from agricultural and forest residues such as:sawdust,straw,rice husk,manure,etc.under the relatively low temperature(≤700℃)without oxygen or oxygen deficit conditions.Biochar exhibits using effects and application prospect in arable land soil improvement,crop cultivation,soil and water conservation,carbon sequestration and emission reduction,greenhouse gas emission reduction,and contaminated soil and water remediation.This paper summarized the preparation methods for biochar,its physical and chemical properties,and application in agriculture production;and mainly introduced the research progress made in improvement of facility soil,yield increase of vegetable production,and stress resistance,etc.,so as to provide reference for studying the application of biochar in greenhouse vegetable production.

关 键 词：蔬菜栽培 生物炭 土壤改良 微生物群落结构 抗逆性 综述 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]