利用重质稠油生产沥青的VOCs排放特征  

Emission characteristics of VOCs during the production of asphalt using heavy-viscous crude oil

作　　者：卢清 李婷婷 黄礼海 黄道建 陈锋 梁小明 陆海涛 刘明 郭送军 何秋生[4] 陈来国 LU Qing;LI Tingting;HUANG Lihai;HUANG Daojian;CHEN Feng;LIANG Xiaoming;LU Haitao;LIU Ming;GUO Songjun;HE Qiusheng;CHEN Laiguo(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection,South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China,Guangzhou 510655;School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004;Lianzhou Environmental Monitoring Station,Qingyuan 513400;School of Environment and Safety,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,国家环境保护城市生态环境模拟与保护重点实验室,广州510655 [2]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,南宁530004 [3]连州市环境监测站,清远513400 [4]太原科技大学环境与安全学院,太原030024

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第6期2282-2290,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC0212606);国家环保专项(第二次全国污染源普查);国家自然科学基金(No.41773130);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(No.PM-zx703-202002-060,PM-zx703-202002-018)。

摘　　要：沥青生产是重要的石化行业子行业之一,目前尚缺乏针对该行业VOCs排放的相关研究.为探明沥青生产行业VOCs的排放特征,选取以重质稠油为原料生产沥青的某典型企业,主要采集有组织和无组织排放工序环节的样品,通过GC-MS定量检测了65种VOCs.结果表明,该企业沥青生产的VOCs排放浓度为37.28~7528.00μg·m^(-3),无组织排放和有组织排放VOCs均以烷烃为主,浓度占比超过50%,而有组织排放废气经末端治理设施处理后芳香烃贡献增加.乙烷、丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、正戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷、正己烷、甲基环戊烷、环己烷、甲基环己烷、乙烯、1-丁烯、苯、甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯为该企业沥青生产过程的特征VOCs组分.沥青生产行业VOCs排放主要来自无组织排放,其中,95%的VOCs无组织排放来源于储罐区的呼吸损耗,为161.65 t·a^(-1),其次为装卸平台,挥发量为9.42 t·a^(-1).对无组织排放环节的管控应该成为沥青生产行业的管控重点.Considering that asphalt production is one of the crucial sub-sectors of the petrochemical industry,and there is currently no relevant research on the emissions of volatile organic compounds(VOCs),a typical enterprise that uses heavy-viscous crude oil as raw material to produce asphalt was selected for the sake of studying the emission characteristics of VOCs in the asphalt production industry.The samples of the organized and unorganized emission processes were quantitatively detected by GC-MS with 65 kinds of VOCs.According to the results,the concentrations of VOCs in the asphalt production industry ranged from 37.28 to 7528.00μg·m^(-3).In addition,both two kinds of emissions were mainly alkanes,with concentration accounting for more than 50%,while and the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to organized emissions increased after being disposed by terminal treatment facilities.The characteristic components of VOCs in the asphalt production industry were ethane,propane,n-butane,isobutane,n-pentane,isopentane,cyclopentane,n-hexane,methylcyclopentane,cyclohexane,methylcyclohexane,ethylene,1-butene,benzene,toluene,m-xylene and o-xylene.Moreover,VOCs emission from the asphalt production industry predominately originated from unorganized emissions,of which 95%were from the respiratory losses in storage tank zone,at 161.65 t·a^(-1),followed by the loading platform with a volatile volume of 9.42 t·a^(-1).In conclusion,the management and control of unorganized emissions should become the main focus in the asphalt production industry.

关 键 词：沥青 VOCS 排放特征 排放量 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]