中国生活源固体垃圾产生和处理及其N_(2)O排放  

The generation,treatment and N_(2)O emission of municipal solid waste in China

作　　者：赵永强 罗丽丽[1] 周庆生 张阳子 ZHAO Yongqiang;LUO Lili;ZHOU Qingsheng;ZHANG Yangzi(School of Geography and Tourism,Zhengzhou Normal University,Zhengzhou 450044;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;Henan Institute of Economics and Trade,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]郑州师范学院地理与旅游学院,郑州450044 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [3]河南经贸职业学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第6期2487-2497,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金项目(No.Y20160036);河南省产学研合作计划项目(No.132107000045);河南省2019年度留学人员科研择优项目(豫人社办函[2019]82号)。

摘　　要：核算和评估固体垃圾产生和处理及其N_(2)O排放具有重要的现实和指导意义.本研究以中国为例(2008—2017年),建立了固体垃圾产生、处理和N_(2)O排放核算框架.结果表明,10年间中国固体垃圾产生量上升了34.6%,年均6.13亿t,生活垃圾(48.6%)和工业日用品垃圾(24.6%)是主要贡献源;处理格局仍以填埋为主(占53.0%),焚烧为辅(25.5%);堆弃(42.5%)和焚烧(31.2%)是固体垃圾处理中N_(2)O气体的主要排放源,堆肥占21.9%,填埋处理排放最少(4.4%);固体垃圾处理产生的渗滤液逐年增加,渗滤液排放的N_(2)O占固体垃圾处理N_(2)O排放总量的41.7%,生活垃圾产生的渗滤液是其主要排放源.加大垃圾分类处理和资源化利用力度,加强农村生活垃圾处理处置能力、减少垃圾堆弃量及提高垃圾处理技术对固体垃圾的产生及其N_(2)O排放减排至关重要.It is of great practical and guiding significance to calculate and evaluate the generation,treatment of municipal solid waste(MSW)and the associated N_(2)O emissions.Here,a framework was developed to evaluate the generation and treatment of MSW,and the associated N_(2)O emissions in China from 2008 to 2017.The MSW generation increased by 34.6%in the past decade,with an average of 6.13×108 t·a^(-1),and the domestic garbage(48.6%)and the garbage of industrial products consumed by residents(24.6%)were the main contributors.The treatment pattern was dominated by landfill(53.0%),and supplemented by incineration(25.5%).During the process of MSW treatment,dumping(42.5%)and incineration(31.2%)were the main sources of N_(2)O emissions,followed by composting(21.9%),while landfill had the lowest contribution proportion(4.4%).The leachate generated from MSW increased year by year,and the emissions of N_(2)O from leachate accounted for 41.7%of the total emissions from MSW treatment,with the leachate from domestic garbage being the main contributor.Therefore,reinforcing the classified treatment and resource utilization of MSW,enhancing the disposal capacity of rural domestic garbage to reduce the amount of dumping,and improving the technology of MSW treatment are critical to reducing MSW generation and the associated N_(2)O emissions.

关 键 词：固体垃圾 生活垃圾 处理方式 温室气体 N_(2)O 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X323