荒漠型黑热病动物模型的建立与评价  

Evaluation and establishment on an animal model of desert type kala-azar

作　　者：廖力夫[1] 罗芸 史深 袁江玲 徐艺玫[1] LIAO Li-fu;LUO Yun;SHI Shen;YUAN Jiang-ling;XU Yi-mei(Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2021年第4期448-451,459,F0004,共6页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30460120,30760217)。

摘　　要：目的观察比较荒漠型黑热病病原体杜氏利什曼虫株对BALB/c小鼠、加卡利亚仓鼠和草原兔尾鼠的感染效果,建立荒漠型黑热病动物模型。方法用2.6×105/只剂量的该杜氏利什曼虫株腹腔接种BALB/c小鼠、加卡利亚仓鼠和草原兔尾鼠,于接种29、46、90、152和217 d,观察脾脏肿大、脾脏系数(脾脏质量/体质量×100%)、感染率和抗体阳性率;另同步用2.6×105/只剂量接种40只草原兔尾鼠,于接种12、22、35和60 d观察上述指标。结果接种217 d的BALB/c小鼠不感染该虫株,无抗体阳性和脾脏肿大;接种29 d有部分草原兔尾鼠和加卡利亚仓鼠被感染,接种90 d的感染率分别为100%和78%,抗体阳性率分别为100%和0%,脾脏肿大质量分别是正常值的10倍和2倍;接种217 d的加卡利亚仓鼠抗体阳性率为12.5%,脾脏质量是正常值的4倍。结论荒漠型黑热病病原体杜氏利什曼虫株不感染BALB/c小鼠,草原兔尾鼠和加卡利亚仓鼠出现典型黑热病临床症状分别为90 d和217 d,前者是荒漠型黑热病动物模型的首选动物,后者是该虫株的首选保种动物。建议将抗体和脾脏系数检测作为内脏利什曼病动物模型的主要检测指标。Objective To observe and compare the infection effect of the Leishmania donovani strain,which is the pathogen of desert kala-azar,on BALB/c mice,Phodopus sungoris and Lagurus lagurus,and establish a desert kala-azar animal model.Methods The leishman strains were inoculated to the three species intraperitoneally with 2.6×105 dose.The changes on spleen coefficients(spleen quality/body quality×100%),infection rate and antibody positive rate of rK39 antigen in the animals after inoculating at 29,46,90,152 and 217 days were observed.In addition,40 of L.lagurus were inoculated with 2.6×105 dose,and the above indexes were observed at 12,22,35 and 60 d post inoculation.Results BALB/c mice were not infected,antibodies negative and without spleen enlargement after inoculated with Leishmania donovani for 217 days.Phodopus sungoris and Lagurus lagurus were infected on the 29th day of inoculation,and the infection rates of the 90th day of inoculation were 100%and 78%,respectively;the antibody positive rates were 100%and 0%,respectively;the mass of spleens were 10 times and 2 times of the normal value,respectively.The positive rate of antibody of the Phodopus sungoris inoculated for 217 days was 12.5%,and the spleen mass was 4 times the normal value.Conclusions The desert-type kala-azar pathogen Leishmania donovani strain did not infect BALB/c mice.Lagurus lagurus and Phodopus sungoris showed typical clinical symptoms of kala-azar at 90 days and 217 days,respectively.Lagurus lagurus could be used for the desert-type kala-azar animal model.It was recommended that antibody and spleen coefficient detection be used as the main detection indicators for animal models of visceral leishmaniasis.

关 键 词：荒漠型黑热病 动物模型 草原兔尾鼠 加卡利亚仓鼠 BALB/C小鼠 

分 类 号：R382.22[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]