椭圆双极线性聚能爆破成缝机理及结构优化研究  

Research on mechanism and structure optimization of elliptical bipolar shaped charge blasting

作　　者：吴波[1,2] 李华隆 徐世祥 张景龙 韦汉 WU bo;LI Hualong;XU Shixiang;ZHANG Jinglong;WEI Han(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;School of Civil and Architectural Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学土木建筑工程学院,广西南宁530004 [2]东华理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2021年第5期1213-1221,共9页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678164,51478118);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2018GXNSFDA138009);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD18126011);广西大学科研基金项目(XTZ160590)。

摘　　要：为了对椭圆双极性聚能爆破结构进行优化,采取理论分析和数值模拟的办法,分别在不同的外壳厚度(0.15,0.2和0.25 cm)和药型罩厚度(0.1,0.15和0.2 cm)以及炮孔直径影响下,开展岩体单孔爆破过程的数值模拟,研究爆生裂纹的萌生-开展-稳定的整个过程的演化规律。最后通过裂纹的开展分析椭圆双极性聚能药包聚能爆破的作用机理。研究结果表明:当外壳厚度取0.2 cm,药型罩厚度为0.15 cm时,椭圆双极性聚能药包聚能结构对于周围孔壁的爆破效果最好,形成的压碎槽呈现均匀稳定的锥形,极大的促进了聚能方向裂纹的扩展;当外壳厚度达到0.25 cm后,聚能方向聚集能量过大,形成的压碎槽呈方杵性,并不利于爆生气体进一步对聚能方向的裂纹产生张拉作用;当炮孔直径为42 mm,产生径向裂纹最长,聚能效果最佳。In order to optimize the elliptical bipolar shaped charge blasting structure,the numerical simulation of rock single hole blasting process was carried out by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.Under the influence of different charge cover thickness(0.15,0.2 and 0.25 cm),shaped charge tube thickness(0.1,0.15 and 0.2 cm)and the diameter of the blast hole,the evolution law of the whole process of initiation-developmentstability of the blast crack was studied.Finally,the mechanism of action of the elliptical bipolar shaped charge blasting was discovered through the analysis of the crack.The results are drawn as follows.When the thickness of the drug cover is 0.2 cm and the thickness of the shaped charge tube is 0.15 cm,the elliptical bipolar shaped charge-packed shaped charge structure has the best effect on the blasting of the surrounding hole,and the crushing tank has a uniform and stable cone shape,which greatly promotes the crack growth in the direction of energy accumulation.When the thickness of the drug cover reaches 0.25 cm,the energy accumulation in the energy accumulation direction is too large,and the resulting crushing groove is square,which is not conducive to the explosive gas to further stretch the cracks in the direction of energy accumulation.When the diameter of the blast hole is 42 mm,the radial crack is the longest and the energy accumulation effect is the best.

关 键 词：爆破 聚能装置 裂纹 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]