中国粮食生产面临的困境及高质量发展路径  

The Dilemma of China’s Grain Production and the Choice of High-quality Development Path

作　　者：汪恭礼[1] WANG Gong-li(The Research Center for Agricultural Issues in China,Anhui University,Hefei 242000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学中国三农问题研究中心,安徽合肥242000

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第3期11-18,共8页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：安徽省社科规划专项项目(AHSKZX2020D40)。

摘　　要：粮食事关国运民生,对14亿人口的大国来说,粮食安全任何时候都不能忽视。党的十九届五中全会提出“保障粮、棉、油、糖、肉等重要农产品供给安全,提升收储调控能力”。我国作为世界最大的粮食进口国,随着新冠肺炎蔓延全球,多国宣布限制甚至禁止出口粮食,对我国粮食有效供给也是一个大考验。在当下复杂的形势下,毫不放松抓好粮食生产,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。从我国粮食综合生产和保障能力现状分析来看,居民口粮国内自给充足,粮食储备完全能保障居民口粮供应需要,但粮食生产仍然面临劳动力结构性缺失、耕地质量下降、粮食生产比较效益低下等现实困境。对此,本文提出培育粮食生产新型经营主体、提升耕地资源质量、提高比较优势和效益等路径来保障粮食生产能力,以确保国家粮食长期、持续稳定和安全。Food is a matter of fortunes of a nation and people’s livelihood.For a big country with a population of 1.4 billion,food security can not be ignored at any time.China is the world’s largest food importer.With the spread of Covid-19 around the world,many countries have announced restrictions or even bans on the export of food,effective food supply for our country is also a big test.In the current complex situation,it is of great significance to attach importance to grain production to ensure the national food security.According to the current situation of China’s comprehensive grain production and security capacity,the domestic self-sufficiency of resident’grain rations and the grain reserve can fully guarantee the needs of residents’grain supply.However,grain production still faces such practical difficulties as the structural shortage of labor force,the decline in the quality of cultivated land,a relatively low efficiency of grain production and other practical difficulties.The author puts forward some ways to ensure the grain production capacity and ensure the long-term,sustainable stability and security of national grain by cultivating new-types of grain production management main body,improving the quality of cultivated land resources and improving the comparative advantage and benefit.

关 键 词：中国 粮食生产 粮食安全 高质量发展 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]