不同发育阶段胡杨、灰杨异形叶形态结构变化特征  

The morphological and institutional characteristics of heteromorphic leaves at different developmental stages in Populus euphratica and Populus pruinosa

作　　者：曲文蕊 韩晓莉 翟军团 李志军[1,2] QU Wenrui;HAN Xiaoli;ZHAI Juntuan;LI Zhijun(College of Life Sciences,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin/Research Center of Populus euphratica,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用兵团重点实验室/胡杨研究中心,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2021年第2期14-24,共11页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金—新疆联合基金重点项目“塔里木河流域胡杨雌雄干旱适应差异的生理与分子机制”(U1803231);新疆建设兵团重点领域创新团队建设计划项目“胡杨种质资源保护与挖掘利用”(2018CB003)。

摘　　要：试验采用主成分分析法对同一立地条件下胡杨(Populuseuphratica Oliv.)、灰杨(Populuspruinosa Schrenk)9个不同发育阶段(径阶)的异形叶形态结构性状进行分析。结果表明:胡杨、灰杨异形叶16个形态结构性状在9个不同发育阶段间存在显著差异。(1)从变异系数来看,胡杨变异最大的是叶形指数和叶柄长,灰杨变异最大的是叶柄长和叶面积,胡杨和灰杨解剖结构性状变异最大的均是表皮细胞数目和栅栏组织细胞数目。(2)叶形态的主成分分析表明影响胡杨不同发育阶段异形叶形态性状差异的主要因素是叶周长、叶面积、叶片厚度与叶片长度4个性状;影响灰杨不同发育阶段异形叶形态性状差异的主要因素是叶周长、叶片厚度、叶面积、叶片宽度以及叶形指数。(3)解剖结构的主成分分析表明表皮细胞数、海绵组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度是影响胡杨不同径阶异形叶结构性状差异的主要因素;表皮细胞长度、栅栏组织细胞长度、表皮细胞数、栅栏组织细胞数、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度是影响灰杨不同径阶异形叶结构性状差异的主要因素。胡杨、灰杨异形叶形态结构性状和与发育阶段具显著正相关或负相关性。The morphological and structural characteristics of the heteromorphic leaves in Populus euphratica Oliv and Populus pruinosa Schrenk growing in the same ecological environment during nine developmental stages were analyzed by the principal component analysis.The results showed that:(1)There were significant differences in 16 morphological and structural traits of the heteromorphic leaves in P.euphratica and P.pruinosa at nine different developmental stages.The coefficient of variation demonstrated that the leaf shape index and petiole length were the largest variation in the morphological characteristics of the heteromorphic leaves of P.euphratica,while the petiole length and leaf area had the largest variation in P.pruinosa.The greatest variation in anatomical structure of P.euphratica and P.pruinosa mainly were the number of epidermal cells and number of palisade tissue cells.(2)The main factors affecting the differences in morphological characteristics of heteromorphic leaves at different development stages of P.euphratica were leaf perimeter,leaf area,leaf thickness and leaf length.While cell length,leaf thickness,leaf area,leaf width and leaf shape index were the main influence factors to that in P.pruinosa.(3)The length of the epidermal cells,the thickness of the sponge tissue and the thickness of the palisade tissue were the main factors which affected the differences in the structural characteristics of heteromorphic leaves of P.euphratica with different diameter class,while the main factors were the length of the epidermal cells,the number of epidermal cells,the number and length of palisade tissue cells,the thickness of the palisade tissue and the thickness of the sponge tissue in P.pruinosa.The morphological and structural characters of P.euphratica and P.pruinosa were significant correlation in different development stages.

关 键 词：胡杨 灰杨 异形叶 形态结构性状 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]